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Multiple extubation failures following a rhino-enteroviral infection: A unique case report in a pediatric patient

M R Annamalai1, U Bhalala1

  • 1The Children's Hospital of San Antonio, San Antonio, TX, USA.

Journal of Postgraduate Medicine
|April 9, 2021
PubMed

Insights

A pediatric case report details a 15-month-old girl with enterovirus infection, respiratory failure, and extubation difficulties. Acute transverse myelitis was identified as the cause, stressing the need for neurological assessment in similar cases.

Area of Science:

  • Pediatric critical care medicine
  • Infectious diseases
  • Neurology

Background:

  • Enterovirus infections can cause severe respiratory illness in children.
  • Acute transverse myelitis is a rare neurological complication affecting the spinal cord.

Observation:

  • A 15-month-old girl presented with acute respiratory failure due to enterovirus infection.
  • The patient experienced multiple extubation failures after initial recovery.

Findings:

  • Neurological examination revealed acute transverse myelitis as the cause of extubation difficulties.
  • This case highlights a rare but significant association between enteroviral infection and myelitis.

Implications:

  • Clinicians should consider neurological complications like acute transverse myelitis in children with enteroviral respiratory infections and extubation failure.
  • Prompt neurological assessment is crucial for accurate diagnosis and management in pediatric patients with persistent respiratory compromise.
  • This case underscores the importance of a comprehensive diagnostic approach in pediatric critical care.

Keywords:
Acute transverse myelitisenterovirusextubation failure

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