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Development and first experience with an uncemented press-fit cup.

E Morscher1, Z Masar

  • 1Department of Orthopaedic Surgery, University of Basel, Switzerland.

Clinical Orthopaedics and Related Research
|July 1, 1988
PubMed
Summary

This study introduces a new uncemented press-fit cup for hip arthroplasty. The cup features a flattened dome and an outer diameter 1.5 mm larger than the last reamer used. A four-layer titanium wire mesh coating called Sulmesh was developed to enhance osseointegration. The design aims to achieve primary stability through mechanical interlocking without cement or screws. Clinical results from 81 total hip arthroplasties showed no loosening over 12–24 months. The preparation required only reaming, preserving subchondral bone. The authors suggest that the press-fit cup offers advantages in stability and surgical simplicity.

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Area of Science:

  • Orthopedic implant design in biomedical engineering
  • Hip arthroplasty outcomes research in orthopedic surgery

Background:

Prior research has established cementless fixation as a viable alternative to cemented implants in hip arthroplasty. Established knowledge includes the use of press-fit mechanisms to achieve primary stability through mechanical interlocking. However, no prior work had resolved how to optimize dome flattening and outer diameter sizing for cementless cups. The gap motivated exploration of new coating technologies to enhance osseointegration. It was already known that resection of subchondral bone could compromise long-term implant stability. That uncertainty drove the need for a design that minimizes bone resection while ensuring fixation. No prior work had demonstrated a four-layer wire mesh coating with controlled pore size and porosity volume. This gap motivated the development of a novel press-fit cup concept.

Purpose Of The Study:

The aim of this study was to develop and evaluate a new uncemented press-fit cup with a novel coating design. The specific problem addressed was the need for improved primary stability in cementless hip arthroplasty. The motivation stemmed from limitations in existing press-fit designs that required additional fixation methods. The study sought to test whether flattening the cup dome and increasing outer diameter by 1.5 mm could enhance press-fit stability. Researchers also aimed to assess the performance of a four-layer wire mesh coating called Sulmesh. The study focused on clinical and radiographic outcomes over a 12- to 24-month observation period. No prior work had evaluated this specific combination of dome flattening and coating design. The goal was to demonstrate that the new cup could achieve stability without screws or excessive bone resection.

Keywords:
uncemented hip implantpress-fit cup designhip arthroplasty outcomesSulmesh coating

Frequently Asked Questions

The main outcome is the absence of clinical or roentgenographic loosening in 81 cases over 12–24 months.

Sulmesh consists of four layers of orderly oriented titanium wire meshes with controlled pore size and porosity volume.

Dome flattening enhances mechanical interlocking and primary stability without cement or screws.

The outer diameter is 1.5 mm larger than the last reamer, ensuring a secure press-fit into the acetabulum.

Related Experiment Videos

Main Methods:

The study involved the design of a hemispheric cup with a flattened dome and an outer diameter 1.5 mm larger than the last reamer used. The coating was created using four layers of orderly oriented titanium wire meshes. The mesh was bonded together to form a net shell with specific pore size and porosity volume. The press-fit mechanism relied on mechanical interlocking rather than cement or screws. Clinical outcomes were assessed through roentgenographic imaging and patient follow-up. The acetabular preparation required only reaming, with no additional fixation devices. A total of 81 total hip arthroplasties were performed using the new cup design. No prior work had applied this specific combination of dome flattening and mesh coating in clinical settings.

Main Results:

The strongest finding was the absence of clinical or roentgenographic loosening in all 81 cases. The observation period ranged from 12 to 24 months, with no intraoperative complications reported. Postoperative complications related to the press-fit cup were also not observed. The press-fit mechanism achieved primary stability without the need for screws or additional fixation. The Sulmesh coating demonstrated excellent adaptation with minimal resection of the acetabulum. The design preserved subchondral bone, which is critical for long-term implant stability. The preparation process required only reaming, simplifying surgical technique. No prior work had demonstrated such outcomes with a four-layer wire mesh coating.

Conclusions:

The authors stated that the press-fit cup achieved primary stability through dome flattening and increased outer diameter. They proposed that the Sulmesh coating contributed to excellent adaptation and bone preservation. The study demonstrated that the new design required minimal resection and simplified acetabular preparation. The authors suggested that the absence of loosening over 12–24 months supports the effectiveness of the press-fit mechanism. They noted that no intraoperative or postoperative complications were associated with the cup design. The authors concluded that the press-fit cup offers advantages over existing cementless implants. They emphasized that the design's simplicity and lack of complications make it suitable for clinical use. The authors proposed that further long-term follow-up is needed to confirm these findings.

The design minimizes resection and relies on mechanical interlocking rather than extensive bone removal.

The authors propose that the design offers advantages in stability, simplicity, and long-term outcomes.