Do Relaxation Exercises Decrease Pain After Arthroscopic Rotator Cuff Repair? A Randomized Controlled Trial.

Area of Science:

• Orthopedic Surgery
• Pain Management
• Nonpharmacologic Therapies

Background:

• Opioid medications are standard for post-rotator cuff repair pain but carry risks.
• Relaxation exercises offer a nonpharmacologic alternative with minimal adverse effects.
• Limited research exists on practical relaxation protocols for arthroscopic rotator cuff repair (ARCR).

Purpose of the Study:

• To evaluate if relaxation exercises decrease pain after ARCR compared to standard care.
• To determine if relaxation exercises reduce opioid consumption post-ARCR.
• To assess patient-reported pain reduction and adherence to relaxation techniques.
• To examine the impact of relaxation exercises on shoulder function post-ARCR.

Main Methods:

• 146 patients undergoing ARCR were randomized into a relaxation group (n=74) or control group (n=72).
• The relaxation group received a 5-minute video and pamphlet on breathing techniques.
• Pain, opioid consumption (MMEs), and shoulder function (ASESS) were tracked postoperatively.

Main Results:

• No significant difference in pain scores between groups during the first 5 days or at 2 weeks post-ARCR.
• Opioid consumption was significantly lower in the relaxation group at 2 weeks (309 vs. 442 MMEs, p < 0.01).
• 62% of patients in the relaxation group believed exercises reduced pain, and 52% continued them at 2 weeks.

Conclusions:

• Preoperative relaxation exercises may reduce opioid analgesic doses in the initial 2 weeks after ARCR without increasing pain.
• The study suggests a promising, preliminary effect, with potential for greater benefits from more intensive mindfulness interventions.