[Complexity theory and the hypertensive patient]

Hypertension is the main cause of death worldwide and the approach that the Family Physician makes of hypertensive patients, given his or her key role as a gateway to the health system, is a crucial determinant in their evolution. On the other hand, Complexity theory contributes to the understanding on how systems grow, adapt and evolve. The hypertensive patient, given his character of biological and social being, can be understood and approached as a complex system. Understanding the characteristics of these systems contributes to considering the patient from another perspective, more satisfactory both for himself and for the professional who assists him. This review analyzes the characteristics of the complex system «hypertensive patient» and the tools that allow us to account for and interact with this complexity. An approach from multiple perspectives, migrating from the classic reductionist models to others that take into account the dynamic interrelationships that are at stake, would be a useful strategy for the Family Physician in the challenge of achieving adequate control of blood pressure in his or her patients.