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Structural competency and the future of firearm research.

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This review proposes a research agenda for understanding mass shootings and gun violence, emphasizing structural factors like racism and inequity, and calls for improved mental health research and interventions.

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Area of Science:

  • Public Health
  • Sociology
  • Psychology

Background:

  • The COVID-19 pandemic exposed structural inequities and racism, impacting gun violence research.
  • Existing mental health research on gun trauma inadequately addresses broader societal structures.
  • There's a need to integrate race, place, and U.S. gun politics into mental health research.

Purpose of the Study:

  • To develop a five-part agenda for pandemic-era research on mass shootings and multiple-victim homicides.
  • To promote understanding of shooter psychologies within larger societal structures and systems.
  • To challenge mental health research to better account for structural biases and broaden interventions.

Main Methods:

  • Critical literature review.
  • Development of a research agenda framed by structural competency.
  • Analysis of structural drivers of inequity, racism, and gun violence.

Main Results:

  • A proposed agenda for pandemic-era gun violence research.
  • Emphasis on recognizing how institutions, policies, and market forces shape health outcomes.
  • Highlighting the importance of mental health and safety for communities of color.

Conclusions:

  • Structural competency is crucial for understanding and addressing U.S. gun violence.
  • Mental health research must confront structural biases and broaden its scope.
  • Addressing gun violence requires tackling structural racism and economic policies affecting mental healthcare access.