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Related Concept Videos

Pulmonary Tuberculosis II01:28

Pulmonary Tuberculosis II

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Tuberculosis, or TB, is a bacterial infectious disease caused by Mycobacterium tuberculosis. While its primary impact is on the lungs, leading to pulmonary tuberculosis, it can also affect various other organs, a condition referred to as extrapulmonary tuberculosis.
Here is a detailed explanation of its pathophysiology:
Transmission: The process begins when a person inhales droplet nuclei containing M. tuberculosis. These are typically released into the air when an individual with pulmonary or...
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Pulmonary Tuberculosis I01:29

Pulmonary Tuberculosis I

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Tuberculosis, often called TB, is a contagious illness primarily caused by Mycobacterium tuberculosis. It mainly affects the lung parenchyma but can also impact other body parts.
Causative Organism
The primary infectious agent causing tuberculosis is Mycobacterium tuberculosis, a slow-growing, acid-fast, aerobic rod that exhibits sensitivity to heat and ultraviolet light. Instances of Mycobacterium bovis and Mycobacterium avium contributing to the development of TB infection are rare.
Mode of...
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Pulmonary Tuberculosis III01:31

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Tuberculosis (TB) is a contagious infection primarily affecting the lung parenchyma but which can also affect other body parts. TB can be classified based on disease development, presentation, and the affected anatomical site.
The first classification is based on the development of the disease, and it includes the following categories:
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Pulmonary Tuberculosis V01:28

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Medical management of tuberculosis (TB) patients involves a comprehensive approach that includes diagnosis, treatment, and monitoring. The specific strategies can vary depending on the type of tuberculosis (latent or active), the patient's overall health status, and other considerations.
Latent tuberculosis infection occurs when TB bacteria are present in a person's body, but are not causing illness or symptoms. It is not contagious, and preventive treatment is crucial to avoid the...
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Inflammatory Bowel Disease III: Diagnostic Studies and Management I-Nutritional Therapy01:30

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Various diagnostic tests are employed in the diagnostic process for Inflammatory Bowel Disease (IBD), particularly to differentiate between Crohn's disease and ulcerative colitis.
Diagnostic studies
A colonoscopy is the definitive screening test, distinguishing ulcerative colitis from other colon diseases with similar symptoms. During a colonoscopy test, inflamed mucosa with exudate ulcerations can be observed, and biopsies are taken to determine the histologic characteristics of the...
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Pulmonary Tuberculosis IV01:26

Pulmonary Tuberculosis IV

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Tuberculosis, more commonly referred to as TB, is an infectious disease stemming from Mycobacterium tuberculosis. While it primarily impacts the lungs, TB can also affect other body areas. Given its severity and global impact, timely and accurate diagnosis is crucial for controlling its spread and improving patient outcomes.
Several diagnostic approaches are used to detect TB. The conventional method is the Tuberculin Skin Test (TST), also known as the Mantoux test. However, this method has...
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Malnutrition and tuberculosis: the gap between basic research and clinical trials.

Norma A Tellez-Navarrete1, Lucero A Ramon-Luing1, Marcela Muñoz-Torrico2

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Micronutrients show potential in boosting immune response against tuberculosis (TB) in lab studies. However, clinical trial results are inconsistent, highlighting the need for further research into their role in TB treatment.

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Area of Science:

  • Immunology
  • Infectious Diseases
  • Nutritional Science

Background:

  • Tuberculosis (TB), caused by Mycobacterium tuberculosis (M.tb), is a major global health threat.
  • Risk factors for TB include malnutrition, smoking, alcohol abuse, HIV, and diabetes.
  • While malnutrition is a known risk factor, the role of micronutrients in TB immunity requires further clarification.

Purpose of the Study:

  • To review experimental evidence on micronutrients and their impact on the immune response against M.tb.
  • To evaluate the consistency of findings between basic research and clinical trials concerning micronutrients in TB.

Main Methods:

  • Review of in vitro experimental evidence on micronutrients and M.tb.
  • Analysis of clinical trial data regarding micronutrient supplementation in TB patients.
  • Assessment of the current recommendations for nutritional assessment in TB patients.

Main Results:

  • In vitro studies suggest micronutrients are important for immune response against M.tb.
  • Clinical trial data on micronutrient supplementation as adjuvant therapy or prophylaxis in TB is controversial and inconsistent.
  • Current evidence is insufficient to support routine micronutrient supplementation in TB patients.

Conclusions:

  • Further research is needed to elucidate the precise mechanisms of micronutrients in TB.
  • Strengthening the link between basic and clinical research is crucial for developing effective adjuvant therapies.
  • More studies are required to establish evidence-based micronutrient interventions for TB patients.