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Updated: Nov 9, 2025

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Cortical Thickness Changes in Chronic Ketamine Users.

Jun Zhong1, Huawang Wu1, Fengchun Wu1

  • 1The Affiliated Brain Hospital of Guangzhou Medical University, Guangzhou Huiai Hospital, Guangzhou, China.

Frontiers in Psychiatry
|April 12, 2021
PubMed
Summary
This summary is machine-generated.

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Chronic ketamine use is linked to reduced cortical thickness across multiple brain regions, particularly the prefrontal cortex. Despite these structural changes, this study found no direct correlation between reduced cortical thickness and cognitive deficits in users.

Area of Science:

  • Neuroscience
  • Neuroimaging
  • Addiction Research

Background:

  • Previous research focused on gray matter volume changes associated with long-term ketamine use.
  • The impact of chronic ketamine use on cortical thickness and its relationship with cognitive function remained unclear.

Purpose of the Study:

  • To investigate alterations in cortical thickness in chronic ketamine users.
  • To determine if observed cortical thickness changes correlate with cognitive deficits.

Main Methods:

  • Recruited 28 chronic ketamine users and 30 healthy controls (HCs).
  • Utilized Computational Anatomy Toolbox (CAT12) for cortical thickness measurement.
  • Assessed cognitive performance using the MATRICS Consensus Cognitive Battery (MCCB).
  • Employed two-sample t-tests and partial correlation analyses.
Keywords:
cortical thicknessfrontal lobesgray matterketamineketamine dependentsurface-based morphometry

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Main Results:

  • Chronic ketamine users showed significantly reduced cortical thickness in frontal, parietal, temporal, and occipital lobes compared to HCs.
  • Ketamine quantity, frequency, and duration of use were negatively correlated with cortical thickness in specific brain regions.
  • Ketamine users performed significantly worse on working memory, visual learning, and speed of processing tasks.
  • No significant correlation was found between reduced cortical thickness and cognitive performance domains.

Conclusions:

  • Chronic ketamine use is associated with reduced cortical thickness in multiple brain areas, notably the prefrontal cortex.
  • Ketamine dosage, frequency, and duration negatively impact cortical thickness.
  • Despite observed cortical thinning, this study did not find a direct link between reduced cortical thickness and cognitive impairments in chronic ketamine users.