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Association between Serum Vitamin D Concentration Status and Matrix Metalloproteinase-9 in Patients Undergoing
Farzaneh Foroughinia1, Mahtabalsadat Mirjalili1
1Department of Clinical Pharmacy, Faculty of Pharmacy, Shiraz University of Medical Sciences, Shiraz, Iran.
Insights
Low vitamin D levels are linked to higher matrix metalloproteinase-9 (MMP-9) in patients after percutaneous coronary intervention (PCI). This suggests vitamin D deficiency may increase cardiovascular disease risk by affecting atherosclerotic plaques.
Area of Science:
- Cardiology
- Endocrinology
- Biochemistry
Background:
- Cardiovascular diseases (CVD) are a growing global health threat.
- Matrix metalloproteinase-9 (MMP-9) is implicated in atherosclerosis and cardiac remodeling.
- Vitamin D deficiency is an emerging risk factor for cardiovascular diseases.
Purpose of the Study:
- To investigate the association between vitamin D status and MMP-9 levels in Iranian patients.
- To assess the relationship between vitamin D levels and MMP-9 in patients undergoing percutaneous coronary intervention (PCI).
Main Methods:
- Prospective cross-sectional study involving 150 patients scheduled for elective coronary angioplasty.
- Measurement of baseline serum MMP-9 and 25(OH) vitamin D levels.
- Categorization of patients based on vitamin D levels: severely deficient (≤10 ng/mL), moderately deficient (11-20 ng/mL), and insufficient/sufficient (>21 ng/mL).
Main Results:
- Serum MMP-9 levels were significantly higher in patients with lower vitamin D concentrations.
- A significant inverse correlation was observed between MMP-9 concentration and 25(OH) vitamin D levels (P = 0.039).
- Higher MMP-9 levels were associated with lower vitamin D status in the study population.
Conclusions:
- Low vitamin D levels may contribute to more vulnerable atherosclerotic plaques in post-PCI patients.
- Vitamin D status is inversely correlated with MMP-9 levels, suggesting a potential role in cardiovascular adverse effects.
- Findings highlight the importance of assessing vitamin D status in patients undergoing PCI.
Abstract:
Cardiovascular diseases (CVD) have become increasingly life-threatening during recent decades. Several studies have shown that matrix metalloproteinase-9 (MMP-9) plays an important role in the process of atherosclerosis and heart remodeling. On the other hand, Vitamin D deficiency has been recognized as a risk factor for CVD. According to the prevalence of vitamin D deficiency in our country, Iran, we aimed to evaluate the relationship between vitamin D status and the level of MMP-9 in patients undergoing percutaneous coronary intervention. In this prospective cross-sectional study, the patients who were candidates for elective coronary angioplasty were included. Baseline serum MMP-9 and vitamin D levels were measured before intervention. The patients were categorized into three groups: Vitamin D-severely deficient (≤ 10 ng/mL), vitamin D-moderately deficient (11-20 ng/mL), and vitamin D-insufficient/sufficient (> 21 ng/mL). Totally, 150 patients were assessed. The analysis showed that serum MMP-9 levels were higher in patients with lower vitamin-D concentrations. A significant inverse correlation was found between MMP-9 concentration and 25 (OH) vitamin D level (P = 0.039). According to our results, it may be concluded that low levels of vitamin D may lead to more vulnerable atherosclerotic plaques and consequently more cardiovascular adverse effects in post-PCI patients.
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