Evaluation of the Component Separation Technique for the Treatment of Patients with Large Incisional Hernia

Incisional hernia remains a frequent complication of abdominal surgery. Results of surgical repair are disappointing with recurrence rates of suture repair being in the range of 5%-63% depending on the type of repair used, with better results using mesh implantation. For the management of such large hernias, interest has been generated in the Component Separation Technique. This technique relaxes abdominal wall by translation of muscular layers without severing the innervation and blood supply, with or without the mesh augmentation. This can accommodate for defects up to 25-30 cm in the waistline.

The study was conducted on 20 patients with "Large Incisional Hernia" with defect size >5 cm at its maximum width or with a surface area >50 cm² operated upon with Component Separation. Clinical outcome was measured over a follow-up period of 3 months from the surgery in terms of recurrence and other local complications.

There were 20 patients (3 men and 17 women; 70% of cases above the age of 50 years). Mean defect size was 9.5 cm (range = 6-20 cm). Average body mass index was 28.97 kg/m² (range = 22-37 kg/m²). Mean duration of hospital stay was 9 days (range = 5-21 days). Early complications occurred in 15% (3/20) cases and postoperative abdominal compartment or recurrence was not reported over a follow-up period of 3 months.

Component Separation Technique is a safe, easy, and quick option for patients with large hernias.