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Chemotherapy in NEN: still has a role?

Paula Espinosa-Olarte1, Anna La Salvia1, Maria C Riesco-Martinez1

  • 1Oncology Department, Hospital Universitario, 12 de Octubre, Imas12, UCM, Madrid, Spain.

Reviews in Endocrine & Metabolic Disorders
|April 12, 2021
PubMed

Insights

Chemotherapy is crucial for advanced neuroendocrine neoplasms (NENs), especially pancreatic NENs and high-grade tumors. This review examines chemotherapy

Area of Science:

  • Oncology
  • Endocrinology
  • Tumor Biology

Background:

  • Neuroendocrine neoplasms (NENs) present diverse clinical and biological behaviors.
  • Prognostic factors include primary site, disease extent, differentiation, and receptor expression.
  • Treatment strategies are guided by these prognostic factors.

Purpose of the Study:

  • To comprehensively review the evidence for chemotherapy in lung and gastroenteropancreatic (GEP) NENs.
  • To critically discuss the role of chemotherapy within the NEN treatment algorithm.

Main Methods:

  • Systematic review of existing literature on chemotherapy for NENs.
  • Critical analysis of clinical trial data and treatment guidelines.
  • Discussion of chemotherapy's place in managing advanced NENs.

Main Results:

  • Recent advances include somatostatin analogues, 177Lu-oxodotreotide, sunitinib, and everolimus for specific NEN subtypes.
  • Chemotherapy remains essential for pancreatic NENs and high-grade/symptomatic NENs.
  • Evidence for chemotherapy's efficacy in lung and GEP NENs is reviewed.

Conclusions:

  • While novel therapies have expanded options, chemotherapy retains a vital role in NEN management.
  • Chemotherapy is particularly important for advanced, high-grade, or symptomatic NENs.
  • Further discussion is needed to optimize chemotherapy's integration into NEN treatment algorithms.

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