[How to test for NTRK gene fusions: A practical approach for pathologists]

Area of Science:

• Oncology
• Molecular Diagnostics
• Genetics

Background:

• Advanced cancers can harbor NTRK gene fusions, driving tumor growth.
• Targeted therapies against TRK proteins are now available for these specific cancers.
• Identifying NTRK gene fusions is crucial for patient selection.

Purpose of the Study:

• To provide an update on implementing NTRK testing for advanced cancers.
• To evaluate different testing methods for NTRK gene fusions.
• To consider tumor epidemiology in relation to NTRK gene fusions.

Main Methods:

• Review of current NTRK testing modalities.
• Analysis of test performance and availability.
• Consideration of epidemiological data for NTRK1, NTRK2, and NTRK3 fusions.

Main Results:

• Practical considerations for NTRK testing implementation are discussed.
• Performance and availability of various testing methods are compared.
• Epidemiological characteristics of NTRK-fusion-positive tumors are highlighted.

Conclusions:

• Effective NTRK testing is essential for leveraging anti-TRK therapies.
• Choosing the right testing method depends on performance, availability, and tumor type.
• Understanding tumor epidemiology aids in identifying patients who may benefit from NTRK testing.