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Blockchain Personal Health Records: Systematic Review
Hao Sen Andrew Fang1, Teng Hwee Tan2, Yan Fang Cheryl Tan3
1SingHealth Polyclinics, Singapore, Singapore.
Journal of Medical Internet Research
|April 13, 2021
Summary
Blockchain technology offers secure personal health records (PHRs). While research is growing, most blockchain PHR applications remain conceptual, indicating early development stages.
Area of Science:
- Health Informatics
- Computer Science
- Data Management
Background:
- Blockchain technology enhances data security, transparency, and user control.
- Its application in healthcare, particularly for electronic health records, is growing.
- Blockchain's potential for empowering users with data access and ownership makes it appealing for personal health records (PHRs).
Purpose of the Study:
- To systematically review the current state of blockchain-based PHRs.
- To analyze design choices, identify limitations, and explore future directions.
Main Methods:
- A systematic review following PRISMA guidelines was conducted in July 2020.
- Searched 8 databases for eligible articles, including gray literature.
- Full-text review and data abstraction performed by three independent reviewers.
Main Results:
- 58 articles met inclusion criteria, showing a maturation from conceptual to prototype/implementation stages over 5 years.
- Most publications were in engineering/computer science, despite healthcare focus.
- Permissioned blockchains and off-chain storage were common; tethered blockchain PHRs remain conceptual.
Conclusions:
- Research interest and maturity in blockchain PHRs are increasing.
- The technology is largely still in the conceptual phase.
- This systematic review provides a foundation for future research tracking the development of blockchain-based PHRs.
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