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Epidemic methicillin-resistant Staphylococcus aureus.

B D Cookson1, I Phillips

  • 1Department of Microbiology, UMDS, St Thomas' Hospital, London, UK.

The Journal of Antimicrobial Chemotherapy
|April 1, 1988
PubMed
Summary
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An epidemic methicillin-resistant Staphylococcus aureus (EMRSA) strain caused increased infections and patient colonization in South-East London. Strict infection control measures were needed to manage EMRSA, unlike other MRSA strains.

Area of Science:

  • Microbiology
  • Epidemiology
  • Infectious Diseases

Background:

  • Methicillin-resistant Staphylococcus aureus (MRSA) poses a significant healthcare challenge.
  • Distinguishing between epidemic and endemic MRSA strains is crucial for effective control.

Purpose of the Study:

  • To contrast the clinical experiences with an epidemic MRSA (EMRSA) strain and other MRSA (OMRSA) strains in South-East London.
  • To investigate the characteristics and spread of EMRSA compared to OMRSA.

Main Methods:

  • Chromosomal restriction enzyme analysis and phage-typing were used to characterize MRSA isolates.
  • Infection control procedures and patient colonization data were compared between EMRSA and OMRSA cases.
  • The distribution of other resistant isolates, including neomycin resistance, was examined.

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Main Results:

  • EMRSA isolates were genetically identical and phenotypically similar to strains described elsewhere.
  • EMRSA caused increased infections and colonization between 1984-1985, requiring enhanced infection control.
  • OMRSA strains were encountered but did not spread or necessitate changes in infection control.
  • Forty-five different phage-type/antibiogram patterns were observed in OMRSA isolates, with uncommon patient clusters.

Conclusions:

  • Some MRSA strains exhibit truly epidemic behavior, necessitating specific control strategies.
  • The spread of EMRSA is likely influenced by factors beyond the organism itself.
  • Effective infection control measures are vital for managing epidemic MRSA strains.