Jove
Visualize
Contact Us
JoVE
x logofacebook logolinkedin logoyoutube logo
ABOUT JoVE
OverviewLeadershipBlogJoVE Help Center
AUTHORS
Publishing ProcessEditorial BoardScope & PoliciesPeer ReviewFAQSubmit
LIBRARIANS
TestimonialsSubscriptionsAccessResourcesLibrary Advisory BoardFAQ
RESEARCH
JoVE JournalMethods CollectionsJoVE Encyclopedia of ExperimentsArchive
EDUCATION
JoVE CoreJoVE BusinessJoVE Science EducationJoVE Lab ManualFaculty Resource CenterFaculty Site
Terms & Conditions of Use
Privacy Policy
Policies

Related Concept Videos

Vaccinations01:51

Vaccinations

48.9K
Overview
48.9K
Pneumonia IV: Management01:28

Pneumonia IV: Management

554
The treatment of pneumonia varies based on its severity and the causative pathogen. Here is a structured approach to managing pneumonia, integrating pharmaceutical and supportive care strategies.
Bacterial Pneumonia Treatment
For bacterial pneumonia, antibiotics serve as the cornerstone of therapy. Initial treatment often begins with empirical antibiotics, tailored to the anticipated causative organism and adjusted based on culture results. Key antibiotic choices include:
554
Dosage Regimen Designs: Nomograms and Tabulations01:23

Dosage Regimen Designs: Nomograms and Tabulations

59
Nomograms and tabulations are vital tools used by clinicians to design accurate and individualized dosage regimens. These instruments provide a straightforward method for adjusting dosages based on individual patient characteristics, including age, weight, and physiological condition. The foundation of a drug's nomogram is population pharmacokinetic data collected and analyzed using specific models. This data simplifies complex equations, presenting them diagrammatically or tabularly for easy...
59
Bernoulli's Equation: Problem Solving01:16

Bernoulli's Equation: Problem Solving

1.6K
A Venturi meter is essential for measuring fluid flow rates in pipelines. It utilizes the relationship between fluid velocity and pressure described by Bernoulli's equation. When installed in a sewage system, the Venturi meter accurately determines the wastewater flow rate by measuring pressure differences.
The first step is to compute the cross-sectional areas of the pipe and the Venturi throat to analyze the pressure difference indicated by the pressure gauge. Next, the continuity equation is...
1.6K
Pneumonia V: Nursing management and Prevention01:30

Pneumonia V: Nursing management and Prevention

2.9K
Nursing management of pneumonia involves promoting airway patency, facilitating rest and conserving energy, encouraging fluid intake, maintaining nutrition, and educating patients.
The nurse must practice strict medical asepsis and adhere to infection control guidelines to minimize healthcare-associated infections.
Enhance airway patency
Position the patient correctly to facilitate drainage of the affected lung segments. Manual or mechanical percussion and vibration can also be employed....
2.9K
Determination of Multiple Dosing Parameters: Loading and Maintenance Doses01:25

Determination of Multiple Dosing Parameters: Loading and Maintenance Doses

63
A loading dose is an essential pharmacological strategy to rapidly achieve the target plasma drug concentration necessary for an immediate therapeutic effect. This approach is especially critical for drugs characterized by slow absorption or extended half-lives, where delaying therapeutic plasma levels could compromise treatment outcomes. By administering a loading dose, clinicians ensure a prompt onset of drug action, even for agents with complex pharmacokinetic profiles.Achieving steady-state...
63

You might also read

Related Articles

Articles linked to this work by shared authors, journal, and citation graph.

Sort by
Same author

Proposed Conceptual and Experience-Based Framework for Reaching an Optimal Vaccine Launch Strategy.

Vaccines·2026
Same author

Herpes zoster burden in a private healthcare setting of Argentina.

Frontiers in public health·2026
Same author

Vaccine Development, Its Implementation and Price Setting: A Historical Perspective with Proposed Ways to Move Forward.

Journal of market access & health policy·2025
Same author

Public health impact of adjuvanted RSVPreF3 vaccine in older adults: a modeling study in nine countries in Middle East and North Africa.

Expert review of vaccines·2025
Same author

Public health impact of the adjuvanted RSVPreF3 vaccine in adults aged 60 years and older: results from a modeling study in six Latin American countries.

Expert review of vaccines·2025
Same author

Modeling the herpes zoster disease burden and its potential health impact on older adults >50 years of age in Brazil.

Human vaccines & immunotherapeutics·2025

Related Experiment Video

Updated: Nov 9, 2025

Experimental Human Pneumococcal Carriage
07:47

Experimental Human Pneumococcal Carriage

Published on: February 15, 2013

15.9K

Constrained Optimization for Pneumococcal Vaccination in Brazil.

Jan Olbrecht1, Jorge A Gomez2, Laure-Anne Van Bellinghen3

  • 1GlaxoSmithKline, Wavre, Belgium.

Value in Health Regional Issues
|April 13, 2021
PubMed
Summary

This study identifies the most cost-efficient pneumococcal vaccination strategy for Brazil over 10 years. Constrained optimization maximized health gains within budget limits, offering a valuable public health planning tool.

Keywords:
Brazileconomic evaluationoptimizationpneumococcal vaccination

More Related Videos

Following in Real Time the Impact of Pneumococcal Virulence Factors in an Acute Mouse Pneumonia Model Using Bioluminescent Bacteria
11:32

Following in Real Time the Impact of Pneumococcal Virulence Factors in an Acute Mouse Pneumonia Model Using Bioluminescent Bacteria

Published on: February 23, 2014

15.3K
Author Spotlight: Optimizing CFU Determination for Efficient Assessment of TB Vaccine Efficacy and Antigen Presentation Analysis
06:26

Author Spotlight: Optimizing CFU Determination for Efficient Assessment of TB Vaccine Efficacy and Antigen Presentation Analysis

Published on: July 28, 2023

2.6K

Related Experiment Videos

Last Updated: Nov 9, 2025

Experimental Human Pneumococcal Carriage
07:47

Experimental Human Pneumococcal Carriage

Published on: February 15, 2013

15.9K
Following in Real Time the Impact of Pneumococcal Virulence Factors in an Acute Mouse Pneumonia Model Using Bioluminescent Bacteria
11:32

Following in Real Time the Impact of Pneumococcal Virulence Factors in an Acute Mouse Pneumonia Model Using Bioluminescent Bacteria

Published on: February 23, 2014

15.3K
Author Spotlight: Optimizing CFU Determination for Efficient Assessment of TB Vaccine Efficacy and Antigen Presentation Analysis
06:26

Author Spotlight: Optimizing CFU Determination for Efficient Assessment of TB Vaccine Efficacy and Antigen Presentation Analysis

Published on: July 28, 2023

2.6K

Area of Science:

  • Public Health
  • Health Economics
  • Vaccinology

Background:

  • Pneumococcal disease remains a significant public health concern globally.
  • Cost-effective vaccination strategies are crucial for resource allocation in healthcare systems.
  • Brazil's current vaccination program requires ongoing evaluation for optimal impact.

Purpose of the Study:

  • To determine the most cost-efficient combination of pneumococcal vaccines for infants and aging adults in Brazil over a 10-year period.
  • To utilize constrained optimization to balance health gains with budget limitations.
  • To inform national immunization policy and resource allocation.

Main Methods:

  • Employed constrained optimization (CO) to prioritize pneumococcal vaccine regimens based on quality-adjusted life-years (QALYs) gained and costs.
  • Analyzed a 10-year time horizon with specific constraints on budget, return on investment (ROIR > 1), and vaccine coverage.
  • Modeled the current infant vaccination strategy using pneumococcal non-typeable Haemophilus influenzae protein D conjugate vaccine (PHiD-CV) as a baseline.

Main Results:

  • The CO analysis identified a strategy yielding 126,194 additional QALYs over 10 years for an extra budget of 974 million Brazilian reals (ROIR = 1.15).
  • The model suggests potential for improved outcomes with increased at-risk population coverage in aging adults, reduced herd effects, and enhanced QALY scores.
  • The optimized strategy balances budget constraints with significant public health benefits.

Conclusions:

  • Constrained optimization effectively identifies cost-efficient pneumococcal vaccination strategies within defined parameters.
  • The study demonstrates that optimizing vaccine combinations can achieve substantial health gains while adhering to budget limitations.
  • Findings support evidence-based decision-making for national immunization programs in Brazil and similar settings.