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Related Experiment Video

Updated: Nov 9, 2025

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An engineered neurovascular unit for modeling neuroinflammation.

Suyeong Seo1,2,3, Chi-Hoon Choi4,5,3, Kyung Sik Yi4

  • 1Brain Science Institute, Korea Institute of Science and Technology (KIST), Seoul 02792, Republic of Korea.

Biofabrication
|April 13, 2021
PubMed
Summary

This study introduces a novel 3D human cell model of the neurovascular unit (NVU). The model enhances brain barrier function and reduces inflammation, aiding drug development for neurological diseases.

Keywords:
blood-brain barrierco-culturein vitro modelneuroinflammationneurovascular unitvascular permeability

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Area of Science:

  • Neuroscience
  • Cell Biology
  • Biomedical Engineering

Background:

  • The neurovascular unit (NVU) is crucial for brain homeostasis and function.
  • Dysfunction of the NVU is implicated in central nervous system disorders like Alzheimer's disease and stroke.
  • There is a need for advanced in vitro models to study NVU physiology and pathology.

Purpose of the Study:

  • To develop a novel, three-dimensional (3D) human cell-based in vitro model of the neurovascular unit (NVU).
  • To investigate the impact of this 3D co-culture model on the maturation of brain endothelial barrier function.
  • To assess the utility of the model in studying inflammatory responses and for drug development.

Main Methods:

  • Generation of a 3D immortalized human cell-based NVU model using a collagen matrix.
  • Incorporation of six key cell types comprising the NVU: brain endothelial cells, astrocytes, pericytes, neurons, microglia, and oligodendrocytes.
  • Co-culture of these cells around a perfusable brain endothelium to mimic the in vivo microenvironment.

Main Results:

  • The 3D NVU model demonstrated significantly improved maturation of barrier function.
  • Secreted cytokines from NVU-composing cells supported the enhanced barrier function.
  • NVU-composing cells in the model effectively alleviated lipopolysaccharide-induced inflammatory responses.

Conclusions:

  • The developed human cell-based 3D NVU in vitro model accurately recapitulates key aspects of the brain microenvironment.
  • This model facilitates the study of human brain physiological and pathological mechanisms.
  • The model is suitable for high-content analysis in drug development, enabling safety and efficacy evaluations.