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Effect of COVID-19 Pandemic on Performance Measures in Acute Myocardial Infarction

Miguel Alejandro Rodriguez-Ramos1

  • 1Universidad de Ciencias Medicas Sancti-Spiritus, Hospital General Camilo Cienfuegos, Cuba.

Kardiologiia
|April 14, 2021
PubMed

Insights

The COVID-19 pandemic reduced ST-elevation myocardial infarction (STEMI) cases and negatively impacted care quality. This study found increased in-hospital deaths and major complications during early pandemic periods.

Area of Science:

  • Cardiology
  • Public Health
  • Epidemiology

Background:

  • The COVID-19 pandemic has significantly impacted healthcare systems globally.
  • Understanding its effect on acute cardiovascular events like ST-elevation myocardial infarction (STEMI) is crucial for quality improvement.

Purpose of the Study:

  • To evaluate the performance measures for STEMI care during the early COVID-19 pandemic.
  • To compare in-hospital mortality and major acute coronary events before and during the pandemic.

Main Methods:

  • Retrospective analysis of STEMI patients admitted to a Coronary Intensive Care Unit.
  • Comparison of data from February-April 2020 with similar periods from 2015-2019 and 2019-2020.
  • Assessment against 2017 AHA/ACC Clinical Performance and Quality Measures for Adults with STEMI.

Main Results:

  • A significant decrease in STEMI admissions was observed during February-April 2020.
  • Higher in-hospital mortality (8.3% vs. 20%) and major complications (38.7% vs. 57.1%) were noted compared to pre-pandemic periods.
  • Increased in-hospital death (9.6%) and major complications (35.8%) were found when comparing early pandemic months to 2019-2020, though cardiogenic shock prevalence did not differ.

Conclusions:

  • The COVID-19 pandemic led to a reduced prevalence of STEMI.
  • Performance measures for STEMI care, including mortality and complication rates, were adversely affected during the initial pandemic phase.

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