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A comprehensive evaluation of early potential risk factors for disease aggravation in patients with COVID-19

Qiang Tang1, Yanwei Liu1, Yingfeng Fu1

  • 1Department of General Surgery, Shiyan Taihe Hospital, Hubei University of Medicine, Shiyan, Hubei, China.

Scientific Reports
|April 14, 2021
PubMed

Insights

COVID-19 disease aggravation is linked to comorbidities like hypertension and diabetes, along with symptoms such as dyspnea and lymphocytopenia. Advanced age and specific biomarkers predict severe outcomes in patients with 2019 Coronavirus Disease.

Area of Science:

  • Infectious Diseases
  • Internal Medicine
  • Clinical Research

Background:

  • The 2019 Coronavirus Disease (COVID-19) pandemic poses a significant global health challenge.
  • Understanding factors predicting disease severity is crucial for patient management and resource allocation.

Purpose of the Study:

  • To retrospectively analyze clinical data of COVID-19 patients.
  • To identify predictors of disease aggravation and assess patient prognosis.

Main Methods:

  • Retrospective analysis of clinical data from 197 COVID-19 patients.
  • Comparison of characteristics between patients with and without disease aggravation.
  • Multivariable regression analysis to identify significant predictors.
  • Kaplan-Meier analysis for prognosis evaluation.

Main Results:

  • 88 out of 197 patients experienced disease aggravation.
  • Aggravation cases showed higher rates of comorbidities (hypertension, diabetes) and symptoms (dyspnea).
  • Patients with aggravation had increased incidence of organ damage (liver, kidney, heart).
  • Advanced age, comorbidities, dyspnea, lymphopenia, and elevated Fbg, CTnI, IL-6, and serum ferritin predicted aggravation.
  • 64.9% of patients survived without ICU transfer.

Conclusions:

  • Comorbidities, specific clinical symptoms, and laboratory markers are associated with COVID-19 disease progression.
  • Identifying these predictors can aid in early risk stratification and management of severe COVID-19 cases.
  • Prognosis for a majority of patients was favorable, with a significant portion avoiding ICU admission.

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