Some assembly required: building a hands-on model of a single receptive field in the retina

Many students struggle to understand the sometimes counterintuitive and complicated organization of the retina. As soon as they begin to grasp these complex relationships, we add another confusing concept: the organization of receptive fields of individual ganglion cells. Publishers provide figures in textbooks and videos, but like many topics in physiology, students may learn more effectively using hands-on models. This article provides instructions for building a three-dimensional model of a single retinal receptive field using inexpensive craft supplies. In alignment with the principles of universal design, this model will make the material easier to comprehend and more accessible to learners of all abilities. This activity provides a framework for students to begin exploring the structures and functions of cells of the retina and the organization of receptive fields in the visual system and provides a foundation for explaining other types of sensory systems.