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Production of extracellular matrices during development of infection structures by the downy mildew Peronospora

Raffaella Carzaniga1, Paul Bowyer1, Richard J O'Connell1

  • 1IACR-Long Ashton Research Station, Department of Agricultural Sciences, University of Bristol, Long Ashton, Bristol BS41 9AF, UK.

The New Phytologist
|April 15, 2021
PubMed

Insights

The extracellular matrices of the downy mildew pathogen Peronospora parasitica differ between its life stages. These matrices, particularly those on germ-tubes and appressoria, may aid in pathogen attachment to host plants.

Area of Science:

  • Plant pathology
  • Microbiology
  • Biochemistry

Background:

  • Peronospora parasitica is a significant pathogen affecting cultivated Brassica species.
  • Understanding pathogen-host interactions is crucial for disease management.

Purpose of the Study:

  • To investigate the structural and compositional differences in extracellular matrices (ECMs) surrounding different life stages of Peronospora parasitica.
  • To explore the role of ECMs in germling attachment.

Main Methods:

  • Freeze-substitution transmission electron microscopy
  • Lectin cytochemistry
  • Immunogold labeling
  • In vitro culture on glass and polycarbonate substrata

Main Results:

  • Conidial cell walls possess distinct carbohydrates (β-1,3-glucans and Bauhinia purpurea agglutinin-recognized carbohydrates) compared to germ-tubes and appressoria.
  • Germ-tubes and appressoria secrete two ECM types: a fibrillar matrix (β-1,3-glucans) at the interface and a proteinaceous matrix spreading beyond.
  • These ECMs exhibit tenacious adherence to substrata, suggesting a role in attachment.

Conclusions:

  • Significant variations exist in the ECMs of P. parasitica conidia, germ-tubes, and appressoria.
  • The secreted ECMs likely contribute to the adherence of germlings to host surfaces, facilitating infection.
Keywords:
3-glucansPeronospora parasiticaadhesionappressoriaconidiaextracellular matrixinfection structureslectinsβ-1

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