A Review on Recent Progression of Modifications on Titania Morphology and its Photocatalytic Performance

Titanium dioxide (TiO2) has been broadly used as a photocatalyst because it has good stability and performance for degradation of pollutants. On the other hand, its efficiency as photocatalyst is limited since it can only be excited under UV-light radiation and has a rapid electron-hole recombination that occurs during the photodegradation. There are many studies focusing on adjusting the synthesis methods, addition of dopants and modifying the TiO2 structure to enhance its photocatalytic performance. Among them, synthesis of TiO2 as porous nanoparticles as one of the strategies in modifying the TiO2 structure has gained attention due to its benefits for better adsorption and accessibility of various pollutants onto the reactive site of catalyst, thus enhancing the photocatalytic performance. In this review, we recapitulated on modifications of synthesis methods for TiO2 and their effect on the structure along with the photocatalytic performance. Recent progress for TiO2 in terms of synthesis approaches, effect of dopants, modified structures, and applications are also briefly discussed in this review.