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COVID-19 and Cardiovascular Disease: From Bench to Bedside
Mina K Chung1,2,3, David A Zidar3,4, Michael R Bristow5
1Cleveland Clinic (M.K.C., S.J.C., T.C., D.H.K., T.S., J.B.), OH.
Circulation Research
|April 15, 2021
Summary
Coronavirus disease 2019 (COVID-19) can impact the heart and blood vessels, even after recovery. This review details cardiovascular effects, mechanisms, and management strategies for COVID-19 survivors.
Area of Science:
- Cardiology
- Infectious Diseases
- Virology
Background:
- Coronavirus disease 2019 (COVID-19), caused by SARS-CoV-2, presents significant cardiovascular health risks.
- The virus can directly infect cardiac and vascular tissues via the ACE2 receptor.
- Acute cardiac injury is a frequent complication with potential long-term effects.
Purpose of the Study:
- To review the cardiovascular manifestations of COVID-19.
- To explore direct viral and indirect immune-mediated mechanisms affecting the cardiovascular system.
- To discuss post-recovery management for cardiovascular complications.
Main Methods:
- Literature review and synthesis of current evidence.
- Analysis of clinical data on cardiovascular involvement in COVID-19.
- Discussion of pathogenic mechanisms and therapeutic implications.
Main Results:
- COVID-19 is associated with diverse cardiovascular complications, including myocarditis and arrhythmias.
- Both direct viral invasion and hyperinflammatory immune responses contribute to cardiac damage.
- Long-term cardiovascular sequelae are a growing concern for survivors.
Conclusions:
- Understanding the cardiovascular impact of COVID-19 is crucial for patient management.
- Monitoring and tailored interventions are necessary for survivors at risk of cardiac complications.
- Further research is needed to elucidate long-term outcomes and optimize treatment strategies.
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