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    Area of Science:

    • Optics and Photonics
    • Quantum Mechanics
    • Materials Science

    Background:

    • Dielectric optical microcavities confine light, enabling novel optical phenomena.
    • Spin-orbit interaction in photonics influences light polarization and propagation.
    • Controlling light patterns is crucial for applications in optical computing and sensing.

    Purpose of the Study:

    • To propose and demonstrate a technique for generating polygonal optical patterns in real space.
    • To utilize the combined effects of spin-orbit interaction and light confinement within a microcavity.
    • To achieve controllable excitation of these patterns with a variable number of vertices.

    Main Methods:

    • Employing a dielectric optical microcavity to confine light.
    • Leveraging the spin-orbit interaction arising from transverse electric (TE) and transverse magnetic (TM) mode splitting.
    • Confining polarized photons in a harmonic potential to induce polygonal trajectories.
    • Utilizing continuous wave resonant optical pumping for pattern excitation.

    Main Results:

    • Generation of polygonal optical patterns in real space.
    • Observation of spatial oscillations in propagating wave packets of polarized photons due to spin-orbit interaction.
    • Demonstration of closed polygonal trajectories for confined photons.
    • Achieved controllable excitation of patterns with both even and odd numbers of vertices.

    Conclusions:

    • The proposed technique effectively generates polygonal optical patterns.
    • Spin-orbit interaction and microcavity confinement are key to forming these patterns.
    • The method offers precise control over the number of vertices in the generated optical polygons.