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Updated: Nov 9, 2025

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Doppler studies of placental function.

Eva Meler1, Judit Martínez1, David Boada1

  • 1Barcelona Center for Maternal-Fetal and Neonatal Medicine (Hospital Clínic and Hospital Sant Joan de Deu), IDIBAPS, University of Barcelona, And Center for Biomedical Research on Rare Diseases (CIBER-ER), Barcelona, Spain.

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|April 15, 2021
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Summary

Doppler ultrasound in early pregnancy is crucial for predicting placental diseases and fetal well-being. This method aids in managing intrauterine growth restriction and reducing adverse perinatal outcomes.

Keywords:
Doppler ultrasoundFetal growth restrictionPerinatal outcomePlacental functionPredictionPrognosis

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Area of Science:

  • Perinatology
  • Fetal Medicine
  • Diagnostic Ultrasound

Background:

  • Placental-associated diseases are a leading cause of adverse perinatal outcomes, particularly in developing nations.
  • Doppler evaluation is increasingly used for predicting high-risk placental diseases and assessing fetal well-being.

Purpose of the Study:

  • To highlight the role of various Doppler parameters in predicting and managing placental-associated diseases and adverse perinatal outcomes.
  • To emphasize the integration of Doppler ultrasound into early pregnancy predictive algorithms.

Main Methods:

  • Review of existing evidence on the application of uterine, umbilical artery, middle cerebral artery, and ductus venosus Doppler in pregnancy.
  • Analysis of Doppler's utility in predicting preeclampsia, intrauterine growth restriction, fetal hypoxia, and guiding management decisions.

Main Results:

  • Uterine Doppler in the second trimester predicts early-onset preeclampsia and intrauterine growth restriction; its inclusion in first-trimester algorithms is recommended.
  • Umbilical artery Doppler identifies high-risk small-for-gestational-age fetuses and aids in managing fetal hypoxia, reducing perinatal deaths.
  • Middle cerebral artery Doppler and cerebroplacental ratio improve detection of fetuses at high risk of adverse outcomes, especially late-onset growth restriction.
  • Ductus venosus Doppler waveform assessment improves perinatal outcomes and helps determine optimal timing for pregnancy intervention.

Conclusions:

  • Doppler ultrasound parameters are essential for early prediction and management of placental diseases and fetal compromise.
  • Incorporating Doppler evaluations into routine prenatal care can significantly improve perinatal outcomes and reduce fetal mortality and morbidity.