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Energy drink-induced cardiomyopathy.

Gracie Fisk¹, Matthew Hammond-Haley¹, Andrew D'Silva^2,3

¹Department of Cardiology and Division of Cardiovascular Sciences, Guy's and St Thomas' NHS Foundation Trust, St Thomas' Hospital, London, UK.

BMJ Case Reports

|April 16, 2021

Summary

Excessive energy drink consumption may cause severe heart failure in young adults. This case highlights potential cardiotoxicity, urging consideration in patients with unexplained cardiomyopathy.

Keywords:

cardiovascular medicine heart failure

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Area of Science:

Cardiology
Toxicology

Background:

Energy drinks are widely consumed, particularly by young adults.
Concerns exist regarding their potential cardiovascular adverse effects.

Observation:

A 21-year-old man presented with severe biventricular heart failure, shortness of breath, orthopnoea, and weight loss.
Cardiac imaging revealed severely impaired biventricular systolic function and bilateral ventricular thrombi.
The patient had a history of excessive energy drink intake and undiagnosed chronic obstructive uropathy.

Findings:

The patient's cardiac dysfunction was attributed to potential energy drink-induced cardiotoxicity.
Renal failure due to chronic obstructive uropathy was also diagnosed.
No evidence of inflammation or fibrosis was found on cardiac MRI.

Implications:

This case underscores the potential cardiotoxic effects of excessive energy drink consumption.
Clinicians should consider energy drink intake in the differential diagnosis of young patients with non-ischaemic dilated cardiomyopathy.
Further research is warranted to elucidate the mechanisms of energy drink cardiotoxicity.