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Cetacean distribution models based on visual and passive acoustic data.

Kaitlin E Frasier1, Lance P Garrison2, Melissa S Soldevilla2

  • 1Scripps Institution of Oceanography, La Jolla, CA, USA. kfrasier@ucsd.edu.

Scientific Reports
|April 16, 2021
PubMed
Summary
This summary is machine-generated.

Integrating passive acoustic monitoring (PAM) with visual surveys improves cetacean distribution models. This synthesis enhances understanding of marine mammal populations and aids conservation efforts in the Gulf of Mexico.

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Area of Science:

  • Marine Biology
  • Ecology
  • Conservation Science

Background:

  • Understanding cetacean distribution is crucial for mitigating anthropogenic impacts.
  • Shipboard visual surveys offer spatial but limited temporal data.
  • Passive acoustic monitoring (PAM) provides high temporal resolution data at fixed locations.

Purpose of the Study:

  • To evaluate if combining visual survey data with PAM data improves species distribution models for cetaceans.
  • To compare the effectiveness of generalized additive models and neural networks in predicting cetacean occurrence.
  • To assess the conservation and management applications of enhanced distribution models.

Main Methods:

  • Developed species distribution models for Cuvier's beaked whales, sperm whales, and Risso's dolphins in the Gulf of Mexico.
  • Utilized both generalized additive models and neural networks.
  • Incorporated data from shipboard visual surveys and stationary passive acoustic monitoring (PAM).

Main Results:

  • Neural networks demonstrated an ability to identify complex interactions between environmental drivers.
  • Models integrating PAM data consistently outperformed those using only visual data.
  • Joint models, combining both data types, yielded the best predictions for two out of three species.

Conclusions:

  • Cross-platform data synthesis significantly enhances the accuracy of cetacean distribution models.
  • The integration of PAM data is vital for capturing temporal and spatial distribution trends.
  • Improved distribution models support effective conservation and management strategies for Gulf of Mexico cetaceans.