Jove
Visualize
Contact Us
JoVE
x logofacebook logolinkedin logoyoutube logo
ABOUT JoVE
OverviewLeadershipBlogJoVE Help Center
AUTHORS
Publishing ProcessEditorial BoardScope & PoliciesPeer ReviewFAQSubmit
LIBRARIANS
TestimonialsSubscriptionsAccessResourcesLibrary Advisory BoardFAQ
RESEARCH
JoVE JournalMethods CollectionsJoVE Encyclopedia of ExperimentsArchive
EDUCATION
JoVE CoreJoVE BusinessJoVE Science EducationJoVE Lab ManualFaculty Resource CenterFaculty Site
Terms & Conditions of Use
Privacy Policy
Policies

Related Concept Videos

Bone Disorders01:29

Bone Disorders

4.8K
Aging and its effect on bone remodeling is the most common cause of bone disorders. In young and healthy people, bone deposition and resorption happen at an equal rate to maintain optimal bone health.
Bone deposition is also affected by the levels of sex hormones like estrogen and testosterone that promote osteoblast activity and bone matrix synthesis. When the level of these hormones decreases due to aging, it causes a reduction in bone deposition. As a result, bone resorption by osteoclasts...
4.8K
Changes in the Appendicular Skeleton with Age01:09

Changes in the Appendicular Skeleton with Age

3.0K
The upper and lower limb initially develops as a small bulge called a limb bud, which appears on the lateral side of the early embryo. The upper limb bud appears near the end of the fourth week of development, with the lower limb bud appearing shortly after.
Initially, the limb buds consist of a core of mesenchyme covered by a layer of ectoderm. The ectoderm at the end of the limb bud thickens to form a narrow crest called the apical ectodermal ridge. This ridge stimulates the underlying...
3.0K
Spongy Bone01:09

Spongy Bone

6.6K
All bones comprise an outer layer of compact bone, and an interior made up of spongy bone tissue, also called cancellous or trabecular bone. In long bones, spongy bone tissue is mainly found in the interior of the epiphyses (broad ends of the bone).
Spongy bone is more porous, and less dense compared to compact bone. It is composed of concentric lamellae that are arranged irregularly to form the trabecular network. In some bones, the spaces between trabeculae contain red marrow, where...
6.6K
Osteoclasts in Bone Remodeling01:31

Osteoclasts in Bone Remodeling

3.5K
Osteoclasts are cells responsible for bone resorption and remodeling. They originate from hematopoietic progenitor cells present in the bone marrow. Numerous progenitor cells fuse to form multinucleated cells, each with 10-20 nuclei. A single osteoclast has a diameter of 150 to 200 µM. These cells have ruffled borders that break down the underlying bone tissue and release minerals such as calcium into the blood in bone resorption. Osteoclasts cling to bones with their ruffled edges during...
3.5K
What is the Skeletal System?01:02

What is the Skeletal System?

55.2K
Overview
55.2K
The Functions of the Skeletal System01:22

The Functions of the Skeletal System

5.3K
The most apparent functions of the skeletal system are support, protection, and movement. However, bone tissue also performs several other critical metabolic functions. For one, the bone matrix acts as a reservoir for a number of minerals important to the functioning of the body, especially calcium and phosphorus. These minerals, present in the bone tissue, can be released back into the bloodstream when required. Calcium ions, for example, are essential for muscle contractions and controlling...
5.3K

You might also read

Related Articles

Articles linked to this work by shared authors, journal, and citation graph.

Sort by
Same author

Re: Bobelyak M, Vaculik J, Stepan JJ. Bone mineral density assessment using Radiofrequency Echographic Mult Spectrometry (REMS) in patients before and after total hip replacement, Osteoporos Int 2025;https://doi.org/10.1007/s00198-025-07685-w and Re: Pocock N, Chan D. Editorial: Is REMS-BMD truly a measured parameter? A call for transparency and technical clarification, Osteoporos Int 2025;https://doi.org/10.1007/s00198-025-07699-4.

Osteoporosis international : a journal established as result of cooperation between the European Foundation for Osteoporosis and the National Osteoporosis Foundation of the USA·2025
Same author

Management of primary and renal hyperparathyroidism: guidelines from the German Association of Endocrine Surgeons (CAEK).

Langenbeck's archives of surgery·2021
Same author

[Differential diagnoses of osteoporosis].

Zeitschrift fur Gerontologie und Geriatrie·2019
Same author

Assessment of Bone and Muscle Measurements by Peripheral Quantitative Computed Tomography in Geriatric Patients.

Journal of clinical densitometry : the official journal of the International Society for Clinical Densitometry·2018
Same author

The Oldest Old in the Emergency Department: Impact of Renal Function.

The journal of nutrition, health & aging·2016
Same author

[Identification, diagnostics and guideline conform therapy of osteoporosis (DVO) in trauma patients : a treatment algorithm].

Der Unfallchirurg·2015

Related Experiment Video

Updated: Nov 9, 2025

The Creation of a Rat Model for Osteosarcopenia via Ovariectomy
03:52

The Creation of a Rat Model for Osteosarcopenia via Ovariectomy

Published on: February 21, 2025

695

[Osteosarcopenia].

M Drey1, R Schmidmaier2

  • 1Schwerpunkt Akutgeriatrie, Medizinische Klinik und Poliklinik IV, LMU Klinikum, Ziemssenstraße 1, 80336, München, Deutschland. michael.drey@med.uni-muenchen.de.

Der Internist
|April 16, 2021
PubMed
Summary
This summary is machine-generated.

Osteoporosis and sarcopenia increase fracture risk, especially in older adults. Comprehensive clinical evaluation and body composition assessment are crucial for accurate diagnosis and effective osteosarcopenia treatment.

Keywords:
Dual-energy X‑ray absorptiometryFallsGeriatricsOsteoporosisSarcopenia

More Related Videos

Segmentation and Linear Measurement for Body Composition Analysis using Slice-O-Matic and Horos
13:35

Segmentation and Linear Measurement for Body Composition Analysis using Slice-O-Matic and Horos

Published on: March 21, 2021

11.1K
Author Spotlight: Assessing Surgical Frailty with Point-of-Care Ultrasound of Quadriceps Muscles
04:00

Author Spotlight: Assessing Surgical Frailty with Point-of-Care Ultrasound of Quadriceps Muscles

Published on: July 26, 2024

836

Related Experiment Videos

Last Updated: Nov 9, 2025

The Creation of a Rat Model for Osteosarcopenia via Ovariectomy
03:52

The Creation of a Rat Model for Osteosarcopenia via Ovariectomy

Published on: February 21, 2025

695
Segmentation and Linear Measurement for Body Composition Analysis using Slice-O-Matic and Horos
13:35

Segmentation and Linear Measurement for Body Composition Analysis using Slice-O-Matic and Horos

Published on: March 21, 2021

11.1K
Author Spotlight: Assessing Surgical Frailty with Point-of-Care Ultrasound of Quadriceps Muscles
04:00

Author Spotlight: Assessing Surgical Frailty with Point-of-Care Ultrasound of Quadriceps Muscles

Published on: July 26, 2024

836

Area of Science:

  • Gerontology
  • Orthopedics
  • Metabolic Bone Disease

Background:

  • Osteoporosis is defined by fracture risk, with dual-energy X-ray absorptiometry (DXA) as a diagnostic tool.
  • Geriatric patients may receive false-negative DXA results, necessitating clinical evaluation for diagnosis and treatment.
  • Sarcopenia, a geriatric syndrome of muscle mass and function loss, elevates risks of falls, fractures, disability, and mortality.

Purpose of the Study:

  • To highlight the importance of clinical evaluation alongside DXA for osteoporosis diagnosis in geriatric patients.
  • To emphasize the diagnostic criteria and implications of sarcopenia in the elderly.
  • To outline a comprehensive approach to managing osteosarcopenia, integrating bone density and muscle mass assessment.

Main Methods:

  • Review of current understanding and diagnostic criteria for osteoporosis and sarcopenia.
  • Discussion of dual-energy X-ray absorptiometry (DXA) utility and limitations.
  • Emphasis on integrated clinical assessment and body composition analysis for osteosarcopenia.

Main Results:

  • DXA is a useful fracture predictor but can yield false negatives in geriatric patients.
  • Sarcopenia is a significant risk factor for adverse outcomes, including falls and fractures.
  • Integrated assessment of bone density and body composition is recommended for high-risk individuals.

Conclusions:

  • Accurate diagnosis and treatment of osteosarcopenia require a holistic clinical evaluation beyond DXA alone.
  • Non-pharmacological and pharmacological interventions, alongside fall prevention, are essential for managing osteosarcopenia.
  • Regular reassessment of treatment goals is critical for optimizing patient outcomes.