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Related Concept Videos

Resonance02:52

Resonance

60.0K
The Lewis structure of a nitrite anion (NO2−) may actually be drawn in two different ways, distinguished by the locations of the N-O and N=O bonds.
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Resonance and Hybrid Structures02:16

Resonance and Hybrid Structures

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According to the theory of resonance, if two or more Lewis structures with the same arrangement of atoms can be written for a molecule, ion, or radical, the actual distribution of electrons is an average of that shown by the various Lewis structures.
Resonance Structures and Resonance Hybrids
The Lewis structure of a nitrite anion (NO2−) may actually be drawn in two different ways, distinguished by the locations of the N–O and N=O bonds.
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1° Amines to Diazonium or Aryldiazonium Salts: Diazotization with NaNO2 Mechanism01:37

1° Amines to Diazonium or Aryldiazonium Salts: Diazotization with NaNO2 Mechanism

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Nitrous acid is a relatively weak and unstable acid prepared in situ by the reaction of sodium nitrite and cold, dilute hydrochloric acid. In an acidic solution, the nitrous acid undergoes protonation when it loses water to form a nitrosonium ion—an electrophile. Nitrous acid reacts with primary amines to give diazonium salts. The reaction is called diazotization of primary amines.
4.3K
1° Amines to Diazonium or Aryldiazonium Salts: Diazotization with NaNO2 Overview01:26

1° Amines to Diazonium or Aryldiazonium Salts: Diazotization with NaNO2 Overview

3.6K
Nitrous acid and nitric acids are two types of acids containing nitrogen, among which nitrous acid is weaker than nitric acid. Nitrous acid with a pKa value of 3.37 ionizes in water to give a nitrite ion and the hydronium ion.
The nitrous acid is unstable. Hence, it is formed in situ from a solution of sodium nitrite and cold aqueous acids such as hydrochloric or sulfuric acid. In an acidic solution, the –OH group of nitrous acid undergoes protonation to give oxonium ion, followed by...
3.6K
Nitric Oxide Signaling Pathway01:28

Nitric Oxide Signaling Pathway

5.5K
Nitric oxide (NO), an inorganic gas, acts as a potent second messenger in most animal and plant tissues. NO diffuses out of the cells that produce it and enters the neighboring cells to generate a downstream response. NO synthase (NOS) catalyzes NO production by the deamination of the amino acid arginine. There are three isoforms of NOS. Endothelial cells have endothelial NOS (eNOS), nerve and muscle cells have neuronal NOS (nNOS), and macrophages produce inducible NOS (iNOS) upon exposure...
5.5K
Nitrosation of Enols01:19

Nitrosation of Enols

6.3K
The nitrosation reaction is one of the methods of preparing 1,2-diketones. The enol tautomer of the starting ketone reacts with sodium nitrite in hydrochloric acid, generating the 1,2-diketone after hydrolysis.
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Updated: Nov 9, 2025

A Novel Inhalation Mask System to Deliver High Concentrations of Nitric Oxide Gas in Spontaneously Breathing Subjects
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Disposable Nitric Oxide Generator Based on a Structurally Deformed Nitrite-Type Layered Double Hydroxide.

Shinsuke Ishihara1,2, Takeshi Machino3, Kenzo Deguchi4

  • 1International Center for Materials Nanoarchitectonics, National Institute for Materials Science (NIMS), 1-1 Namiki, Tsukuba, Ibaraki 305-0044, Japan.

Inorganic Chemistry
|April 16, 2021
PubMed
Summary

A novel solid mixture stably generates nitric oxide (NO) for inhalation therapy. This innovation offers a portable, inexpensive NO source, overcoming delivery challenges for wider medical adoption.

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Chemiluminescence-based Assays for Detection of Nitric Oxide and its Derivatives from Autoxidation and Nitrosated Compounds
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Area of Science:

  • Materials Science
  • Chemical Engineering
  • Medical Devices

Background:

  • Nitric oxide (NO) is a selective pulmonary vasodilator used in medical treatments.
  • The clinical application of NO is hindered by the lack of a convenient delivery system for this unstable gas.

Purpose of the Study:

  • To develop a stable, solid-state nitric oxide (NO) generator for inhalation therapy.
  • To create an accessible and portable NO delivery method suitable for diverse medical settings.

Main Methods:

  • A solid mixture of ferrous sulfate heptahydrate (FeSO4·7H2O) and nitrite-containing layered double hydroxide (NLDH) was prepared using a reconstruction method.
  • Mg/Al-type LDH was calcined and treated with sodium nitrite (NaNO2) to reconstruct NLDH, followed by mixing with FeSO4·7H2O.
  • The NO generation from the solid mixture was analyzed under airflow, with varying humidity and storage conditions.

Main Results:

  • The reconstructed NLDH mixture stably generated NO at therapeutic levels (approx. 40 ppm over 12 h) under airflow.
  • Humid air facilitated anion exchange, promoting persistent NO generation through interactions between nitrite and Fe2+ ions.
  • The reconstructed NLDH exhibited enhanced stability and persistent NO release compared to NLDH prepared via anion exchange, attributed to structural modifications.

Conclusions:

  • A novel, inexpensive, and disposable solid-state NO generator was successfully developed using a reconstructed NLDH.
  • This technology overcomes the limitations of NO gas delivery, paving the way for broader use in inhalation therapy, especially in resource-limited settings.
  • The interlayer nanospace of LDH effectively mediates solid-state reactions, enabling controlled NO generation for medical applications.