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Summary
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We investigated quantum phase transitions in frustrated chains with impurities. A topological extended-kink phase with gapless excitations transitions to a gapped kink bound state phase, revealing distinct bulk and impurity correlations.

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Area of Science:

  • Condensed Matter Physics
  • Quantum Many-Body Systems
  • Topological Phases

Background:

  • Quantum phase transitions are fundamental to understanding material properties.
  • Frustrated quantum systems exhibit complex behaviors, including topological phases.
  • Point impurities can significantly alter the ground state and excitations of quantum chains.

Purpose of the Study:

  • To investigate quantum phase transitions induced by a point impurity in a frustrated quantum chain.
  • To characterize the topological extended-kink (TEK) and gapped kink bound state (KBS) phases.
  • To analyze bulk and impurity correlations and their scaling functions.

Main Methods:

  • Theoretical study of a quantum chain with ring frustration and a point impurity.
  • Definition and analysis of two-point bulk and impurity correlations.
  • Extraction of scaling functions and impurity correlation length.

Main Results:

  • Identified two distinct phases: TEK (strong coupling, light impurity) and KBS (strong coupling, heavy impurity).
  • TEK phase shows long-range, factorizable correlations and gapless excitations.
  • Transition to KBS involves an abrupt change in bulk correlation scaling and a decrease in impurity correlation length.

Conclusions:

  • The TEK phase is characterized by high entanglement entropy and no symmetry breaking.
  • The KBS phase exhibits spontaneous symmetry breaking, leading to antiferromagnetic order and entangled spin configurations near the impurity.
  • Impurity correlations provide a sensitive probe of quantum phase transitions in such systems.