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Related Experiment Video

Updated: Nov 9, 2025

Profiling Thiol Redox Proteome Using Isotope Tagging Mass Spectrometry

Profiling Thiol Redox Proteome Using Isotope Tagging Mass Spectrometry

Published on: March 24, 2012

Thioredoxins: structure and function in plant cells.

Jean-Pierre Jacquot¹, Jean-Marc Lancelin², Yves Meyer³

¹Institut de Biotechnologie des Plantes, URA 1128 CNRS, Université de Paris-Sud, Bâilment 630, 91405 Orsay Cedex, France.

The New Phytologist

|April 17, 2021

Summary

Thioredoxins are crucial proteins in plants, regulating chloroplast enzymes and aiding germination. Plants uniquely possess multiple thioredoxin types, vital for photosynthesis and metabolism.

Keywords:

Calvin cycle Ferredoxin chloroplast redox regulation thioredoxin

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Last Updated: Nov 9, 2025

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Protein-protein Interactions Visualized by Bimolecular Fluorescence Complementation in Tobacco Protoplasts and Leaves

Protein-protein Interactions Visualized by Bimolecular Fluorescence Complementation in Tobacco Protoplasts and Leaves

Published on: March 9, 2014

Area of Science:

Plant molecular biology
Protein biochemistry
Photosynthesis research

Background:

Thioredoxins are small proteins with a reactive disulfide bridge, essential for redox reactions in bacteria and animals.
In plants, thioredoxins regulate chloroplast enzymes and are implicated in seed germination.
Plants exhibit a unique, large multigene family of thioredoxins with diverse subcellular localizations.

Purpose of the Study:

To review the structural biology of plant thioredoxins.
To explore the evolutionary origins and functions of plant thioredoxins.
To detail the structural features of thioredoxin-related enzymes and their targets.

Main Methods:

Sequence analysis for evolutionary insights.
Biochemical evidence for functional characterization.
Genetic evidence for physiological roles.
Structural biology of thioredoxins and associated enzymes.

Main Results:

Plant thioredoxins form a large multigene family with distinct subcellular localizations.
Two distinct redox systems (extrachloroplastic and chloroplastic) exist in plant cells.
Structural features of target enzymes reveal mechanisms of redox regulation.
Evidence suggests redox regulation evolved in cyanobacteria and became more complex in plants.

Conclusions:

Plant thioredoxins are integral to photosynthesis, metabolism, and germination.
The complexity of thioredoxin systems in plants reflects their evolutionary adaptation.
Understanding thioredoxin structure-function relationships is key to plant science.