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Published on: November 4, 2010
Asthma does not influence the severity of COVID-19: a meta-analysis
Ting Wu1, Pengyi Yu1, Yuanxia Li2
1Department of Otorhinolaryngology Head and Neck Surgery, The Affiliated Yantai Yuhuangding Hospital of Qingdao University, Yantai, Shandong, China.
Insights
Asthma does not increase the risk of severe coronavirus disease-2019 (COVID-19). This meta-analysis found no significant association between asthma and severe COVID-19 outcomes.
Area of Science:
- Pulmonary Medicine
- Infectious Diseases
- Epidemiology
Background:
- Previous studies suggest a correlation between COVID-19 and asthma.
- Data on asthma as a COVID-19 risk factor and its prevalence in COVID-19 cases remain limited.
Purpose of the Study:
- To analyze the association between COVID-19 and asthma.
- To determine if asthma is a risk factor for severe COVID-19.
- To assess the prevalence of asthma in COVID-19 patients.
Main Methods:
- Systematic literature search of PubMed, Embase, and Web of Science databases (Jan 1 - Aug 28, 2020).
- Inclusion of 18 studies reporting epidemiological and clinical features of COVID-19 and asthma prevalence.
- Meta-analysis of pooled data.
Main Results:
- The pooled prevalence of asthma in COVID-19 cases was 0.08 (95% CI, 0.06-0.11).
- Asthma was not found to increase the risk of developing severe COVID-19 (OR 1.04, 95% CI 0.75-1.46).
- No significant difference in asthma incidence with age was observed in COVID-19 infections.
Conclusions:
- Asthma is not a significant risk factor for the development of severe COVID-19.
- The findings contribute to understanding the interplay between respiratory conditions and severe viral infections.
Objective:
Previous studies have reported a correlation between coronavirus disease-2019 (COVID-19) and asthma. However, data on whether asthma constitutes a risk factor for COVID-19 and the prevalence of asthma in COVID-19 cases still remain scant. Here, we interrogated and analyzed the association between COVID-19 and asthma.
Methods:
In this study, we systematically searched PubMed, Embase, and Web of Science databases for studies published between January 1 and August 28, 2020. We included studies that reported the epidemiological and clinical features of COVID-19 and its prevalence in asthma patients. We excluded reviews, animal trials, single case reports, small case series and studies evaluating other coronavirus-related illnesses. Raw data from the studies were pooled into a meta-analysis.
Results:
We analyzed findings from 18 studies, including asthma patients with COVID-19. The pooled prevalence of asthma in COVID-19 cases was 0.08 (95% CI, 0.06-0.11), with an overall I2 of 99.07%, p < 0.005. The data indicated that asthma did not increase the risk of developing severe COVID-19 (odds ratio [OR] 1.04 (95% CI, 0.75-1.46) p = 0.28; I2=20%). In addition, there was no significant difference in the incidence of asthma with age in COVID-19 infections [OR] 0.77(95% CI, 0.59-1.00) p = 0.24; I2=29%).
Conclusion:
Taken together, our data suggested that asthma is not a significant risk factor for the development of severe COVID-19.
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