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Updated: Nov 9, 2025

A Familiarization Protocol Facilitates the Participation of Children with ASD in Electrophysiological Research
Published on: July 31, 2017
Epidemiological surveys of ASD: advances and remaining challenges
Eric Fombonne1, Heather MacFarlane2, Alexandra C Salem2
1Department of Psychiatry, Oregon Health & Science University, Mail code: GH254 3181 SW Sam Jackson Park Rd, Portland, OR, 97239, USA. fombonne@ohsu.edu.
Abstract:
Recent worldwide epidemiological surveys of autism conducted in 37 countries are reviewed; the median prevalence of autism is .97% in 26 high-income countries. Methodological advances and remaining challenges in designing and executing surveys are discussed, including the effects on prevalence of variable case definitions and nosography, of reliance on parental reports only, case ascertainment through mainstream school surveys, innovative approaches to screen school samples more efficiently, and consideration of age in interpreting surveys. Directions for the future of autism epidemiology are discussed, including the need to systematically examine cross-cultural variation in phenotypic expression and developing surveillance programs.
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