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Transient neonatal hyperinsulinism: early predictors of duration

Shai Fuchs1,2, Ravit Regev1, Jennifer Harrington1

  • 1Division of Endocrinology, Department of Pediatrics, Hospital for Sick Children, University of Toronto, Toronto, ON, Canada.

Journal of Pediatric Endocrinology & Metabolism : JPEM
|April 18, 2021
PubMed

Insights

Early glucose trends in infants with transient hyperinsulinism (tHI) may predict disease duration. Fetal distress is linked to shorter tHI resolution, suggesting a distinct clinical course.

Area of Science:

  • Neonatal Medicine
  • Endocrinology
  • Pediatrics

Background:

  • Transient hyperinsulinism (tHI) is a common cause of infant hypoglycemia.
  • Predicting tHI severity and resolution time is currently challenging.
  • Early identification of disease duration is crucial for infant care.

Purpose of the Study:

  • To determine if early glucose trends predict disease duration in infants with tHI.
  • To identify potential predictors for tHI resolution time.

Main Methods:

  • Retrospective pilot cohort study of neonates with tHI.
  • Phenotyping for clinical and laboratory parameters.
  • Collection of blood glucose values for 120 hours post-hypoglycemia diagnosis.

Main Results:

  • Higher mean daily glucose and fetal distress were associated with shorter tHI duration.
  • In neonates without fetal distress, lower mean daily glucose correlated with longer disease duration.
  • Pilot data suggests early predictors for tHI duration exist within the first week.

Conclusions:

  • Early glucose trends in the first week of life may predict tHI duration.
  • tHI associated with fetal distress might be a distinct entity with a shorter clinical course.
Abstract

Keywords:
disease durationfetal distresshyperinsulinismneonates

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