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Related Concept Videos

Nitric Oxide Signaling Pathway01:28

Nitric Oxide Signaling Pathway

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Nitric oxide (NO), an inorganic gas, acts as a potent second messenger in most animal and plant tissues. NO diffuses out of the cells that produce it and enters the neighboring cells to generate a downstream response. NO synthase (NOS) catalyzes NO production by the deamination of the amino acid arginine. There are three isoforms of NOS. Endothelial cells have endothelial NOS (eNOS), nerve and muscle cells have neuronal NOS (nNOS), and macrophages produce inducible NOS (iNOS) upon exposure...
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Application of Genetically Encoded Fluorescent Nitric Oxide (NO•) Probes, the geNOps, for Real-time Imaging of NO• Signals in Single Cells
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Nitric oxide sensing revisited.

Aloysius Wong1, Ningxin Hu2, Xuechen Tian2

  • 1Department of Biology, College of Science and Technology, Wenzhou-Kean University, 88 Daxue Road, Ouhai, Wenzhou, Zhejiang Province 325060, China; Zhejiang Bioinformatics International Science and Technology Cooperation Center, Wenzhou-Kean University, Ouhai, Wenzhou, Zhejiang Province 325060, China.

Trends in Plant Science
|April 19, 2021
PubMed
Summary

Plants possess ancient nitric oxide (NO) sensors, previously thought absent. These Heme-Nitric oxide/OXygen (H-NOX) domain proteins regulate vital plant functions like stomatal closure and pollen guidance.

Keywords:
H-NOXNO sensorshemoproteinsnitric oxidenitric oxide signaling

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Area of Science:

  • Plant molecular biology
  • Biochemistry
  • Signaling pathways

Background:

  • Nitric oxide (NO) is a critical signaling molecule conserved across kingdoms.
  • Heme-Nitric oxide/OXygen (H-NOX) domains are ancient NO sensors found in bacteria, fungi, and animals.
  • Plant NO sensing mechanisms were largely unknown until recently.

Purpose of the Study:

  • To identify and characterize novel plant hemoproteins containing H-NOX domains.
  • To elucidate the role of these H-NOX proteins in NO-dependent plant responses.
  • To advance the understanding of plant nitric oxide signaling pathways.

Main Methods:

  • Bioinformatic analysis to identify H-NOX domain-containing proteins in plant genomes.
  • Biochemical assays to confirm NO binding and activity of identified hemoproteins.
  • Physiological experiments to assess the function of these proteins in plant responses.

Main Results:

  • Discovery of plant hemoproteins with functional H-NOX domains.
  • Demonstration of NO-mediated regulation of stomatal closure by these proteins.
  • Evidence for H-NOX protein involvement in pollen tube guidance.

Conclusions:

  • Plant hemoproteins with H-NOX domains are crucial NO sensors.
  • These sensors regulate key physiological processes in plants.
  • Further characterization promises a comprehensive understanding of plant NO signaling.