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[A case of tick-borne encephalitis without any sequelae].

Daiki Tanaka1, Megumi Abe1, Kiyomi Kuroshima1

  • 1Department of Neurology, Japanese Red Cross Asahikawa Hospital.

Rinsho Shinkeigaku = Clinical Neurology
|April 19, 2021
PubMed
Summary

A tick-borne encephalitis case in Japan, initially presenting as meningitis then encephalitis, was successfully treated with intensive care and steroid pulse therapy. This is the first reported Japanese case of tick-borne encephalitis with complete recovery and no long-term effects.

Keywords:
flavivirusticktick-borne encephalitis

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Area of Science:

  • Neurology
  • Infectious Diseases
  • Public Health

Background:

  • Tick-borne encephalitis (TBE) is a serious neurological disease transmitted by ticks.
  • Japan has a low incidence of TBE, with previous cases resulting in severe outcomes.
  • Early diagnosis and intervention are crucial for managing TBE.

Observation:

  • A 43-year-old woman presented with fever, headache, and nausea following a tick bite in Hokkaido.
  • Cerebrospinal fluid analysis confirmed meningitis, progressing to encephalitis with altered consciousness and respiratory distress.
  • The patient required mechanical ventilation and steroid pulse therapy.

Findings:

  • The patient's condition improved, enabling weaning from the respirator by day 10 and discharge by day 24.
  • This case represents the fifth reported instance of TBE in Japan.
  • Crucially, this is the first documented case of TBE in Japan with a full recovery and no sequelae.

Implications:

  • This case highlights the potential for successful TBE management even in severe presentations.
  • It underscores the importance of prompt medical attention for tick-borne illnesses.
  • Further research into TBE pathogenesis and treatment in the Japanese context is warranted.