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Published on: March 7, 2025
Analysis of the Expression of the TRBC1 in T lymphocyte tumors
Man Chen1, Aixian Wang1, Shuqiang Liu2
1Department of Pathology and Laboratory Medicine, Hebei Yanda Lu Daopei Hospital, No.2 Siplan Road, Yanjiao Development Zone, Langfang, 065201 Hebei China.
Abstract:
T cell therapy represents a new class of immunotherapies garnering considerable attention. T cell receptor beta chain constant region 1 (TRBC1) is partially expressed in subsets of normal T cells. However, the immunotherapy of T lymphocyte tumors is rarely validated in clinical trials. Here, we aim to explore whether TRBC1 is a promising target for the immunotherapy of T lymphocyte tumors. This study examined TRBC1 expression in 25 healthy bone marrow samples, 39 patients with T-lineage acute lymphocytic leukemia (T-ALL), 4 patients with mature T cell neoplasms, and 5 patients suspected with mature T cell neoplasms with evidence of T cell neoplasia. Moreover, the expression of TRBC1 was evaluated by flow cytometry and through PCR detection of TCR gene rearrangements. The expression of monophasic TRBC1 was identified in all 25 normal bone marrows (23.83% ± 2.74% positive rate). The expression of TRBC1 was positive in 5 patients (12.8%) among the 39 T-ALL patients. TRBC1 was partially expressed in 1 patient (25%) with T cell non-Hodgkin's lymphoma (T-NHL) and in 1 patient (20%) suspected to have T-NHL. Healthy donors showed a pattern of partial expression and patients with T-lymphocyte tumors showed a polytypic TRBC1 expression pattern. Thus, TRBC1 may be a diagnostic and therapeutic marker for T lymphocyte tumors.
Insights
T cell receptor beta chain constant region 1 (TRBC1) shows partial expression in healthy T cells but polytypic expression in T-lymphocyte tumors. This suggests TRBC1 could be a valuable diagnostic and therapeutic target for these cancers.
Area of Science:
- Immunology
- Oncology
- Molecular Biology
Background:
- T cell therapy is a rapidly advancing field in cancer treatment.
- T cell receptor beta chain constant region 1 (TRBC1) is found in normal T cells.
- Immunotherapy for T-lymphocyte tumors requires further validation.
Purpose of the Study:
- To investigate TRBC1 as a potential immunotherapy target for T-lymphocyte tumors.
- To analyze TRBC1 expression patterns in healthy individuals and patients with T-cell malignancies.
Main Methods:
- Flow cytometry was used to evaluate TRBC1 expression.
- PCR detection of T cell receptor (TCR) gene rearrangements was performed.
- TRBC1 expression was assessed in healthy bone marrow, T-lineage acute lymphocytic leukemia (T-ALL), and mature T cell neoplasms.
Main Results:
- Monophasic TRBC1 expression was observed in all healthy bone marrow samples.
- TRBC1 expression was positive in 12.8% of T-ALL patients.
- Partial TRBC1 expression was noted in T-cell non-Hodgkin's lymphoma (T-NHL) cases, contrasting with polytypic expression in T-lymphocyte tumors.
Conclusions:
- TRBC1 exhibits distinct expression patterns in healthy T cells versus T-lymphocyte tumors.
- TRBC1 may serve as a diagnostic marker for T-lymphocyte tumors.
- TRBC1 holds potential as a therapeutic target for T-lymphocyte malignancies.
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