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A 13 year hospital based study on the Trend of Urinary Stone Disease in Uttarakhand, India
Monica Kakkar1, Rakesh Kakkar2
1Department of Biochemistry, NRI Medical College, Guntur, Andhra Pradesh, India.
Insights
Urinary stone disease is more prevalent in males, particularly those aged 21-40. Calcium oxalate stones are most common, often found in the kidneys, with statistically significant correlations found between stone occurrence and patient demographics.
Area of Science:
- Urology
- Nephrology
- Epidemiology
Background:
- Urinary stone disease lacks comprehensive epidemiological data in Uttarakhand.
- This study addresses the data gap through a retrospective analysis.
Purpose of the Study:
- To investigate the incidence, characteristics, and epidemiological factors of urinary stone disease in Uttarakhand.
- To explore correlations between urinary stones and patient demographics such as age, sex, and religion.
Main Methods:
- A 13-year retrospective study (2005-2018) analyzed urinary stones from patients at Himalayan Institute of Medical Sciences, Dehradun.
- Data collected included disease incidence, stone location, stone composition, and patient demographics.
Main Results:
- Urinary stones occurred nearly three times more frequently in males than females.
- The 21-40 age group showed the highest susceptibility across all religious groups.
- Calcium oxalate stones, primarily from the kidneys, constituted approximately 90% of analyzed stones.
Conclusions:
- Statistically significant correlations were identified between urinary stone occurrence and patient age, sex, religion, and stone location.
- Findings highlight demographic patterns in urinary stone disease within the Uttarakhand population.
Background:
The present retrospective study on urinary stone disease in the Uttarakhand state was necessitated as no study has been done yet.
Methods:
A 13 year retrospective study (from 2005 to 2018) was conducted on the urinary stones removed from the patients, admitted at Himalayan Institute of Medical Sciences, Dehradun. The incidence of the disease, site of stones in urinary tract upon diagnosis, composition of removed stones and occurrence of a possible co-relationship between the incidence of the urinary stone disease at different times, age, sex, religion of the patients was investigated.
Results:
The frequency of occurrence of urinary stones in males was found to be almost three times more as compared to their female counterparts. The above trend was consistent over the entire period of the study. Interestingly, in the Muslim and Sikh population of the area, females were found to be less prone to the problem as compared to their Hindu counterparts. However, in all religious groups, 21-40 years old subjects were found to be most susceptible to the problem and approximately 90% of the urinary stones were recovered from the kidneys and primarily composed of calcium oxalate.
Conclusion:
The co-relationship between the occurrence of urinary stones with age, sex of the patients, their religion & site of stones on diagnosis was found to be statistically significant.
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