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Related Concept Videos

Cadherins in Tissue Organization01:19

Cadherins in Tissue Organization

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The cadherins are a superfamily of cell adhesion molecules comprising over 180 variants, with specific tissues expressing a particular combination of cadherin types. Cadherins generally exhibit homophilic binding; i.e., cadherins on one cell bind to cadherins of the same or closely related type on another cell. Thus, cells of the same type have a specific affinity to bind to each other and sort themselves into clusters to form tissues.
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The cadherins were one of the first cell adhesion molecules discovered; the term “cadherins”   is based on their calcium-dependent adhering properties. The first cadherins discovered on the epithelial, neuronal, and placental cells were named E-cadherin, P-cadherin, and N-cadherin, respectively. These classical cadherins share sequence and structural similarities. Other cadherins, including those involved in cell signaling, are grouped into non-classical cadherins. This...
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Catenins are characterized by multiple binding domains and dynamic structures that allow them to function as linker proteins in cell junction complexes. All catenins, except α-catenin, contain a characteristic protein sequence called the armadillo repeat and are therefore also called armadillo proteins.
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Determination01:51

Determination

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During embryogenesis, cells become progressively committed to different fates through a two-step process: specification followed by determination. Specification is demonstrated by removing a segment of an early embryo, “neutrally” culturing the tissue in vitro—for example, in a petri dish with simple medium—and then observing the derivatives. If the cultured region gives rise to cell types that it would normally generate in the embryo, this means that it is specified. In...
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Non-Canonical Wnt Signaling Pathways01:41

Non-Canonical Wnt Signaling Pathways

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Wnt is a zygotic effect gene that is expressed during very early embryonic development. It regulates various processes in animals starting from early development through the adult stage, such as organogenesis in the embryo and maintenance of neuronal and blood stem cells. Wnt proteins can induce a wide variety of intracellular pathways depending upon the specific abilities of different Wnt ligands to form a complex with shared and cognate receptors in the presence of different co-receptors. The...
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The term desmosome derives from the Greek words "desmo" and "soma" meaning "adhesion bodies." This structure was first observed during the late 1800s and described as small, dense nodules in the epidermis. Desmosomes are button-like structures that help form an interlinked network of intermediate filaments across the cells. These junctions are  essential to hold cells together under mechanical stress and to maintain tissue integrity. Desmosomes are multi-protein...
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Bead Aggregation Assays for the Characterization of Putative Cell Adhesion Molecules
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M-Cadherin Is a PAX3 Target During Myotome Patterning.

Joana Esteves de Lima1, Reem Bou Akar1, Myriam Mansour1

  • 1Univ Paris Est Creteil, Institut National de la Santé et de la Recherche Médicale (INSERM), EnvA, Etablissement Français du Sang (EFS), Assistance Publique Hopitaux de Paris (AP-HP), Institut Mondor de Recherche Biomedicale (IMRB), Creteil, France.

Frontiers in Cell and Developmental Biology
|April 19, 2021
PubMed
Summary
This summary is machine-generated.

Paired-homeobox 3 (PAX3) is crucial for embryonic muscle development. Loss of PAX3 impairs myotome formation and alters M-Cadherin expression, highlighting its role in muscle progenitor cell regulation.

Keywords:
CDH15M-CadherinPAX3myogenesismyotome

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Area of Science:

  • Developmental Biology
  • Molecular Genetics
  • Cell Biology

Background:

  • Paired-homeobox 3 (PAX3) is a key transcription factor regulating muscle progenitor cells during embryonic development.
  • While PAX3 is known to influence somite development, its specific role in myotome formation remains unclear.

Purpose of the Study:

  • To investigate the consequences of PAX3 mutations on myotome formation.
  • To identify downstream targets of PAX3 involved in myotome development.

Main Methods:

  • Analysis of *Pax3*-mutant mouse embryos.
  • Assessment of myotome morphology, basal lamina integrity, and Desmin expression.
  • Investigation of M-Cadherin expression in response to *Pax3* gain- and loss-of-function.

Main Results:

  • *Pax3*-mutant embryos exhibit impaired myotome formation, defective basal lamina, and loss of Desmin regionalization.
  • A more severe phenotype was observed in embryos with combined *Pax3*-null and dominant-negative alleles.
  • M-Cadherin was identified as a direct PAX3 target gene, with its expression modulated by *Pax3* activity.

Conclusions:

  • PAX3 is essential for proper myotome formation during embryonic development.
  • M-Cadherin is a downstream target of PAX3 and plays a role in myotome development.