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Refugee Employment Integration Heterogeneity in Sweden: Evidence From a Cohort Analysis.
Pieter Bevelander1, Marc-André Luik1
1Malmö Institute for Studies of Migration, Diversity and Welfare, Malmö University, Malmö, Sweden.
Frontiers in Sociology
|April 19, 2021
Summary
Refugee employment integration in Sweden shows group differences, with women from Bosnia, Ethiopia, and Eritrea achieving similar or higher employment rates than native-born Swedes within 5-8 years. Contextual factors play a key role.
Area of Science:
- Sociology
- Economics
- Demography
Background:
- Foreign-born individuals in Sweden exhibit lower employment rates than native-born Swedes.
- This disparity may be partly attributed to a significant intake of refugees.
- Limited research has specifically addressed the employment integration of refugees.
Purpose of the Study:
- To analyze the employment integration of refugees in Sweden using longitudinal data.
- To identify differences in employment outcomes among various refugee groups.
- To examine the long-term employment trajectories of refugees over 12 years.
Main Methods:
- Utilized detailed longitudinal Swedish register data for three arrival cohorts (1998-2000).
- Tracked the employment of refugees from diverse countries of origin.
- Employed regression adjustments to account for group characteristics and outmigration.
Main Results:
- Found significant differences in employment integration among dissimilar refugee groups.
- Employment integration showed a slight decrease after rigorous statistical adjustments.
- Refugee women from Bosnia, Ethiopia, and Eritrea demonstrated comparable or superior employment probabilities to native-born Swedish women after 5-8 years.
Conclusions:
- Refugee groups achieve a notable, albeit varied, degree of employment integration compared to international benchmarks.
- Contextual factors in both sending and receiving countries significantly influence refugee employment outcomes.
- Specific refugee groups, particularly women from certain origins, show strong labor market integration.
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