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Related Concept Videos

Ischemic Heart Disease: Overview01:17

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Ischemic heart disease occurs when the heart's blood supply dwindles, causing an ominous lack of oxygen and nutrients. This deficiency, stemming from reduced or obstructed blood flow, spells danger, leading to heart muscle damage and dysfunction.
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Ischemic Stroke in the Young.

Samuel A Berkman1, Shlee S Song2

  • 1Division of Hematology-Oncology, Cedars-Sinai Medical Center, Los Angeles, CA, USA.

Clinical and Applied Thrombosis/Hemostasis : Official Journal of the International Academy of Clinical and Applied Thrombosis/Hemostasis
|April 19, 2021
PubMed
Summary
This summary is machine-generated.

This review addresses key questions in managing ischemic stroke in young adults, exploring genetic factors, patent foramen ovale closure, optimal treatments for specific conditions, and COVID-19 stroke mechanisms.

Keywords:
anticoagulationcerebralclosurestrokethrombosisyoung

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Area of Science:

  • Neurology
  • Vascular Medicine
  • Genetics

Background:

  • Ischemic stroke in patients under 60 presents unique management challenges.
  • Established risk factors do not always explain stroke etiology in younger individuals.

Purpose of the Study:

  • To review current evidence on challenging questions in young adult ischemic stroke management.
  • To explore the role of genetic thrombophilic states, patent foramen ovale, and specific conditions like antiphospholipid syndrome and carotid artery dissection.
  • To examine stroke mechanisms in COVID-19 patients.

Main Methods:

  • Narrative review of literature published since 2000.
  • Searches conducted in PubMed, Embase, and ACP Journal Club.
  • Focused on randomized trials, meta-analyses, Cochrane reviews, and cutting-edge research on anticoagulation and cerebrovascular disease.

Main Results:

  • Evidence regarding genetic thrombophilia's independent role in arterial events is discussed.
  • The efficacy of patent foramen ovale closure for cryptogenic stroke is evaluated.
  • Optimal treatments, including direct oral anticoagulants (DOACs), for cerebral vein thrombosis, carotid dissection, and antiphospholipid syndrome are reviewed.
  • Potential mechanisms linking COVID-19 to large vessel stroke are explored.

Conclusions:

  • Current literature provides insights into managing complex cases of ischemic stroke in young adults.
  • Further research is needed to clarify optimal anticoagulation strategies and understand specific etiological factors.
  • The review highlights the evolving understanding of stroke in younger populations and its association with emerging conditions like COVID-19.