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Updated: Jul 8, 2026
06:41
Assessment of Social Interaction Behaviors
Published on: February 25, 2011
Assessing and interpreting interaction effects: A reply to Vancouver, Carlson, Dhanani, and Colton (2021)
Chad H Van Iddekinge1, Herman Aguinis2, James M LeBreton3
1Department of Management and Entrepreneurship, University of Iowa.
The Journal of Applied Psychology
|April 19, 2021
Summary
Ability and motivation primarily have additive effects on performance, not interactive ones. Moderated multiple regression remains an effective method for analyzing these interaction effects in research.
Area of Science:
- Organizational Psychology
- Human Resources Management
Background:
- A meta-analysis indicated additive, not interactive, effects of ability and motivation on performance.
- Debate exists regarding the appropriate statistical methods for assessing ability-motivation interactions.
Purpose of the Study:
- To critique arguments against moderated multiple regression (MMR) for interaction analysis.
- To re-evaluate the ability-motivation interaction using MMR and an alternative method.
Main Methods:
- Conceptual and empirical critique of arguments against MMR.
- Application of MMR and an alternative interaction testing approach to 69 datasets.
- Analysis of interaction effects using ΔR and ΔR² statistics.
Main Results:
- MMR is confirmed as an appropriate method for assessing interaction effects.
- The ability × motivation interaction was not significant in 90% of the re-analyzed datasets.
- Original conclusions about additive effects were corroborated.
Conclusions:
- The ability-motivation interaction rarely improves performance prediction beyond additive effects.
- The use of MMR for interaction analysis is supported.
- Recommendations are provided for future interaction assessment and interpretation.
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