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Evidence-Based Decision-Making 1: Critical Appraisal.

Laurie K Twells1

  • 1Faculty of Medicine, School of Pharmacy, Memorial University, St. John's, NL, Canada. ltwells@mun.ca.

Methods in Molecular Biology (Clifton, N.J.)
|April 19, 2021
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Summary

This chapter introduces Evidence-based Medicine (EBM), detailing its history and process. It emphasizes critical appraisal of medical literature and study bias assessment for informed clinical decisions.

Keywords:
BiasCritical appraisalEvidence-based medicineReporting guidelinesStudy design

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Area of Science:

  • Medical Research Methodology
  • Clinical Decision Support
  • Health Sciences Education

Background:

  • Evidence-based Medicine (EBM) is crucial in modern healthcare, originating in Canada.
  • Understanding EBM involves a systematic process for applying research findings to patient care.

Observation:

  • The chapter outlines the hierarchy of evidence and critical appraisal tools for evaluating study quality.
  • It covers assessing risk of bias in randomized and non-randomized studies, referencing EQUATOR Network guidelines.
  • Tools like GRADE and AMSTAR2 are described for assessing evidence quality and systematic reviews.

Findings:

  • Critical appraisal of medical literature is a key step in the EBM process.
  • This involves understanding study design, strengths, weaknesses, and reporting guidelines.
  • Assessing study bias is integral to appraising research validity and applicability.

Implications:

  • Strong critical appraisal skills are essential for effective evidence-based decision-making.
  • This knowledge enhances the reliability and applicability of medical research in clinical practice.
  • The chapter equips readers with tools to navigate and interpret medical literature for better patient outcomes.