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Related Concept Videos

Asthma: Pathogenesis and Management01:20

Asthma: Pathogenesis and Management

921
Asthma is a chronic pulmonary condition involving inflammation of the airways, hyper-reactivity, and reversible obstruction of the airways. This condition can significantly impact a person's quality of life, making breathing difficult and leading to distressing symptoms.
Asthma is classified as allergic and non-allergic. Allergens such as dust mites, pollen, and pet dander trigger allergic asthma, while factors like cold air, intense emotions, or exercise can induce non-allergic asthma.
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Drugs Used in Upper Respiratory Disorders: Overview01:16

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Upper respiratory tract disorders, including viral infections and allergic rhinitis, cause significant discomfort and disrupt daily life. Managing these conditions involves a variety of drugs, such as antihistamines, intranasal steroids, decongestants, antitussives, expectorants, and mucolytics. Specific examples of drugs in each category are provided.
Antihistamines (e.g., Benadryl) block histamines from binding. Histamines are chemicals released during an allergic reaction in the body. As a...
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Rapid Viscoelastic Characterization of Airway Mucus Using a Benchtop Rheometer
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Modeling Airway Dysfunction in Asthma Using Synthetic Mucus Biomaterials.

Daniel Song1, Ethan Iverson2, Logan Kaler3

  • 1Fischell Department of Bioengineering, University of Maryland, College Park, Maryland 20742, United States.

ACS Biomaterials Science & Engineering
|April 19, 2021
PubMed
Summary

Researchers developed a synthetic mucus model to study asthma. Asthma-like mucus, rich in MUC5AC, shows altered viscoelasticity, impaired viral barrier function, and slower transport, mimicking disease conditions.

Keywords:
asthmabiomaterialsinfluenzamucusrespiratory disease

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Area of Science:

  • Biomaterials Science
  • Respiratory Medicine
  • Mucus Biophysics

Background:

  • Airway mucus occlusion is a key factor in asthma-related airflow obstruction.
  • Asthma is characterized by altered mucin composition in airway mucus.
  • The functional impact of these mucus changes in asthma remains unclear.

Purpose of the Study:

  • To engineer a synthetic mucus biomaterial that accurately mimics native mucus properties in health and asthma.
  • To investigate how altered mucin composition affects mucus viscoelasticity and transport.
  • To assess the barrier function of asthma-like synthetic mucus against viral infection.

Main Methods:

  • Engineered a synthetic mucus biomaterial with tunable mucin composition.
  • Validated the biomaterial's properties against native human mucus ex vivo and in vitro.
  • Assessed mucus transport on human airway epithelial (HAE) tissue cultures.
  • Evaluated the barrier function of synthetic mucus against influenza A virus.

Main Results:

  • The synthetic mucus model accurately replicated the biophysical and transport properties of native mucus.
  • Mucus viscoelasticity and transport rates increased with MUC5AC content, mimicking asthma conditions.
  • Asthma-like synthetic mucus exhibited impaired barrier function against influenza A virus.
  • Slower mucus transport correlated with MUC5AC-rich mucus, similar to IL-13 stimulated native mucus.

Conclusions:

  • A biomaterial-based approach can effectively model airway mucus dysfunction in asthma.
  • MUC5AC-rich mucus contributes to impaired airway clearance and altered barrier function in asthma.
  • This synthetic model provides insights into muco-obstructive lung diseases and potential therapeutic targets.