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Visual Agnosia

Visual Agnosia

Visual agnosia is a condition characterized by the inability to recognize visually presented objects despite having normal vision. For instance, a person with visual agnosia can describe the shape and color of an object but cannot identify or name it. This impairment does not affect their visual field, acuity, color vision, brightness discrimination, language, or memory. An example of this condition in a social setting is someone at a dinner party asking for "that silver thing with a round...

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Related Experiment Video

Updated: Nov 8, 2025

Estimation of Contact Regions Between Hands and Objects During Human Multi-Digit Grasping

Estimation of Contact Regions Between Hands and Objects During Human Multi-Digit Grasping

Published on: April 21, 2023

Decoding stimuli (tool-hand) and viewpoint invariant grasp-type information.

Fredrik Bergström¹, Moritz Wurm², Daniela Valério¹

¹Proaction Laboratory, Faculty of Psychology and Educational Sciences, University of Coimbra, Portugal; Faculty of Psychology and Educational Sciences, University of Coimbra, Portugal.

Cortex; a Journal Devoted to the Study of the Nervous System and Behavior

|April 19, 2021

Summary

This summary is machine-generated.

Our brains process grasp information at different abstract levels. Tool-hand invariant grasp representations are found in the left posterior parietal cortex (PPC), while viewpoint-invariant grasp information is located in the PPC, ventral premotor cortex (PMv), and lateral occipitotemporal cortex (LOTC/pMTG).

Keywords:

Hands Parietal cortex Prehension Tools fMRI

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Last Updated: Nov 8, 2025

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Published on: August 1, 2018

Area of Science:

Neuroscience
Cognitive Psychology
Human Motor Control

Background:

The brain automatically processes visual information about manipulable objects (tools) and hand grasps, including tool affordances and grasp types (power, precision).
The neural basis for transforming visual grasp information into abstract representations remains unclear.

Purpose of the Study:

To investigate the neural processing of different levels of abstractness in grasp information.
To differentiate between tool-hand invariance and viewpoint invariance in grasp representations.

Main Methods:

Functional magnetic resonance imaging (fMRI) was used to scan participants viewing tool images and hand grasp videos.
Grasp types (power vs. precision) were decoded across different conditions: grasp perspectives (viewpoint invariance) and tool images versus grasp videos (tool-hand invariance).
Specific brain regions examined included the posterior parietal cortex (PPC), ventral premotor cortex (PMv), and lateral occipitotemporal cortex/posterior middle temporal cortex (LOTC/pMTG).

Main Results:

Tool-hand invariant grasp information was identified in the left PPC, but only when using first-person perspective (1pp) grasp videos.
Viewpoint-invariant grasp information was found bilaterally in the PPC, left PMv, and left LOTC/pMTG.
Third-person perspective (3pp) tool-hand invariance was not observed.

Conclusions:

The left PPC transforms visual information into stimuli-invariant grasp representations and tool affordances.
The broader hand network, including bilateral PPC, left PMv, and left LOTC/pMTG, processes viewpoint-invariant but hand-specific grasp representations.