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Updated: Aug 10, 2026

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Published on: December 9, 2022
TANSLEY REVIEW No 1.: VARIATION IN PHOTOSYNTHETIC ACID METABOLISM IN VASCULAR PLANTS: CAM AND RELATED PHENOMENA
1Botany Department, University of Leicester, Leicester LEI 7RH, UK.
Photosynthetic acid metabolism (PAM) involves four-carbon acids for carbon transport. This review focuses on diel PAM (DPAM), including stomatal CAM (SCAM) and astomatal forms (AAM, TAAM), examining their physiological and evolutionary aspects.
Area of Science:
- Plant Physiology
- Biochemistry
- Evolutionary Biology
Background:
- Photosynthetic acid metabolism (PAM) utilizes four-carbon (C4) acids as intermediates.
- Carboxylations by PEP carboxylase and RuBP carboxylase can be spatially or temporally separated.
- Diel PAM (DPAM) specifically refers to temporal separation, encompassing stomatal and astomatal pathways.
Purpose of the Study:
- To review variations of diel photosynthetic acid metabolism (DPAM).
- To cover stomatal CAM (SCAM) and astomatal PAM (AAM, TAAM).
- To explore physiological, biochemical, structural, ecological, and evolutionary aspects of DPAM.
Main Methods:
- Review of existing literature on DPAM.
- Analysis of physiological and biochemical mechanisms.
- Examination of structural, ecological, and evolutionary data.
Main Results:
- DPAM includes stomatal CAM (SCAM) and astomatal forms like aquatic (AAM) and terrestrial (TAAM) PAM.
- The review covers mechanisms of carbon dioxide acquisition via DPAM.
- Aspects such as switching between C3 and DPAM, costs, and evolution are discussed.
Conclusions:
- DPAM represents diverse strategies for carbon dioxide acquisition.
- Understanding DPAM provides insights into plant adaptation and evolution.
- Further research into the intricacies of DPAM is warranted.
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