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Related Concept Videos

COPD: Pathogenesis and Clinical Features01:20

COPD: Pathogenesis and Clinical Features

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Chronic obstructive pulmonary disease (COPD) is a group of lung conditions that progressively worsen over time, including chronic bronchitis and emphysema. This cluster of diseases collectively leads to a gradual and irreversible decline in lung function over time.
The primary cause for the onset of COPD is cigarette smoking and exposure to air pollution. These hazardous factors initiate a chain reaction within the lungs, resulting in chronic inflammation, damage to the airways, and a...
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Chronic Obstructive Pulmonary Disease-III: Symptoms and Complications.01:25

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Understanding the variety of primary symptoms and systemic complications that characterize chronic obstructive pulmonary disease (COPD) is crucial for healthcare professionals.
Symptoms of COPD can be classified as primary or systemic. Primary symptoms relate to reduced airflow, while systemic or extrapulmonary symptoms relate to COPD's broader impact on the body.
Primary Symptoms of COPD:
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Chronic Obstructive Pulmonary Disease-II: Pathophysiology01:20

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Chronic Obstructive Pulmonary Disease (COPD) pathophysiology is intricate and multifaceted, involving a complex interplay of physiological processes. Understanding these mechanisms is crucial for effectively managing and treating COPD. Here is an in-depth look at the critical elements in the pathophysiology of COPD:
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Chronic Obstructive Pulmonary Disease01:22

Chronic Obstructive Pulmonary Disease

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COPD is defined as a heterogeneous lung condition marked by persistent respiratory symptoms such as dyspnea, cough, and sputum production, caused by abnormalities in the airways that cause airflow obstruction.
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Chronic Obstructive Pulmonary Disease (COPD) is a long-lasting respiratory condition requiring continuous attention and care. It is a progressive lung disease that leads to breathing challenges due to airflow obstruction. It manifests as persistent respiratory symptoms and restricted airflow resulting from abnormalities in the airways and alveoli, usually due to long-term exposure to harmful particles or gases. COPD mainly consists of two primary conditions: emphysema and chronic bronchitis.
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Dilated cardiomyopathy, or DCM, is a progressive myocardial disorder characterized by ventricular chamber dilation and contractile dysfunction.EtiologyVarious factors can cause DCM, including hypertension and heavy alcohol intake, which contribute to the weakening and enlargement of the heart muscle. Viral infections, such as Coxsackievirus B, adenoviruses, and influenza, can lead to DCM by causing inflammation and damage to heart tissue. Certain chemotherapeutic agents, including daunorubicin,...
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Related Experiment Video

Updated: Nov 8, 2025

Lung CT Segmentation to Identify Consolidations and Ground Glass Areas for Quantitative Assesment of SARS-CoV Pneumonia
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'Long COVID' syndrome.

Priyal Taribagil1, Dean Creer2, Hasan Tahir2,3

  • 1Royal Free London NHS Foundation Trust, London, UK priyal.taribagil1@nhs.net.

BMJ Case Reports
|April 20, 2021
PubMed
Summary
This summary is machine-generated.

Long COVID is a condition where symptoms like fatigue and breathlessness persist for weeks after a SARS-CoV-2 infection. This case highlights a young woman

Keywords:
COVID-19respiratory medicine

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Area of Science:

  • Infectious Diseases
  • Public Health
  • Internal Medicine

Background:

  • The COVID-19 pandemic caused by SARS-CoV-2 has led to a global health crisis.
  • Emerging evidence describes 'long COVID', a syndrome with persistent symptoms post-infection.

Observation:

  • A previously healthy 28-year-old woman experienced prolonged symptoms after COVID-19.
  • Symptoms included chest discomfort, shortness of breath, memory issues, and severe muscle pain.

Findings:

  • Despite thorough investigations, no alternative diagnosis was identified.
  • The patient was diagnosed with long COVID based on persistent, unexplained symptoms.

Implications:

  • This case underscores the diverse and complex nature of long COVID.
  • Further research is needed to understand and manage this post-viral syndrome.