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Ocular surface changes in Graves' ophthalmopathy.

Rou Sun1,2, Hui-Fang Zhou1,2, Xian-Qun Fan1,2

  • 1Department of Ophthalmology, Ninth People's Hospital, Shanghai Jiao Tong University School of Medicine, Shanghai 200011, China.

International Journal of Ophthalmology
|April 20, 2021
PubMed
Summary
This summary is machine-generated.

Graves' ophthalmopathy (GO) frequently causes dry eye syndrome (DES), impacting ocular surface health. This review examines ocular changes and analyzes the reasons behind the high prevalence of DES in GO patients.

Keywords:
Graves' ophthalmopathydry eye syndromeocular surface

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Area of Science:

  • Ophthalmology
  • Endocrinology
  • Ocular Surface Disease

Background:

  • Graves' ophthalmopathy (GO) is an autoimmune condition affecting the eyes.
  • Dry eye syndrome (DES) is a common and significant cause of discomfort for GO patients.
  • The prevalence of DES is notably higher in GO patients compared to the general population.

Purpose of the Study:

  • To illustrate and analyze the ocular surface changes in patients with Graves' ophthalmopathy.
  • To investigate the underlying mechanisms contributing to the high incidence of dry eye syndrome in GO patients.

Main Methods:

  • Review of existing literature on ocular surface changes in Graves' ophthalmopathy.
  • Analysis of tear film abnormalities, corneal and conjunctival alterations, and glandular dysfunction.
  • Examination of potential etiological factors for dry eye in the context of GO.

Main Results:

  • GO patients exhibit significant ocular surface alterations, including changes in tear composition and quantity.
  • Corneal, conjunctival, and lacrimal/meibomian gland dysfunctions are prevalent in GO.
  • The precise mechanisms linking GO to DES require further elucidation but involve inflammatory and structural changes.

Conclusions:

  • Dry eye syndrome is a major complication of Graves' ophthalmopathy, significantly affecting patient quality of life.
  • Understanding the specific ocular surface changes and their mechanisms is crucial for managing DES in GO patients.
  • Further research is needed to fully clarify the pathophysiology of DES in GO and develop targeted treatments.