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Cognition in context: Validating group-based executive function assessments in young children.

Sammy F Ahmed1, Jennie Grammer2, Frederick Morrison1

  • 1Department of Psychology, University of Michigan, Ann Arbor, MI 48109, USA.

Journal of Experimental Child Psychology
|April 20, 2021
PubMed
Summary
This summary is machine-generated.

This study introduces group-based executive function (EF) assessments for young children. These school-based tasks effectively measure EF and predict academic achievement in math and reading.

Keywords:
Early childhoodExecutive functionGroup-based assessmentsInhibitory ControlWorking memory Attention control

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Area of Science:

  • Developmental Psychology
  • Educational Psychology
  • Cognitive Science

Background:

  • Executive functions (EF) are crucial for cognitive development and academic success.
  • Existing EF assessments are often individual and time-consuming.
  • There is a need for group-based measures that capture social dynamics.

Purpose of the Study:

  • To describe and validate group-based executive function (EF) assessments for young children.
  • To provide researchers with measures assessing EF subcomponents in social contexts.
  • To evaluate the utility of these assessments in school settings.

Main Methods:

  • Developed situational tasks involving group marching to music with EF demands.
  • Administered assessments in schools to 283 diverse kindergartners (mean age 5.8 years).
  • Collected data on group-based EF, individually assessed EF, and standardized math/reading achievement.

Main Results:

  • Group-based EF assessments showed significant correlations with individually assessed EF measures.
  • These group assessments differentially predicted children's performance on standardized math and reading tests.
  • The measures were found to be relatively simple to administer and included multiple EF indicators.

Conclusions:

  • Group-based EF assessments are a viable and valid tool for evaluating young children's executive functions.
  • These measures can capture EF in dynamic social settings, offering a complementary approach to individual assessments.
  • This research is a foundational step toward developing practical, group-administered EF measures for early childhood research and education.