Role and Risk Factors of Glycosylated Hemoglobin Levels in Early Disease Screening
Guanqun Chao1, Yue Zhu1, Liying Chen1
1Department of General Practice, Sir Run Run Shaw Hospital, Zhejiang University, China.
Insights
Glycosylated hemoglobin (HbA1c) levels are higher in men and individuals with diabetes or fatty liver. Key risk factors for elevated HbA1c include age, male gender, fatty liver, and certain metabolic indicators.
Area of Science:
- Endocrinology and Metabolism
- Clinical Biochemistry
- Public Health
Background:
- Glycosylated hemoglobin (HbA1c) is a critical marker for glycemic control and diabetes management.
- Understanding factors influencing HbA1c is essential for early disease detection and intervention.
- Large-scale database analysis provides robust insights into complex health correlations.
Purpose of the Study:
- To investigate the correlations between HbA1c, gender, age, fatty liver, and various biochemical indicators.
- To identify significant risk factors associated with elevated HbA1c levels.
- To establish a foundation for managing HbA1c-related chronic diseases.
Main Methods:
- Analysis of a large dataset from 23,933 individuals examined between July 2018 and June 2019.
- Utilized R software for statistical analysis, including t-tests, Mann-Whitney U tests, chi-square tests, and logistic regression.
- Data collection involved medical history, laboratory tests, and B-ultrasound examinations.
Main Results:
- Men, individuals with diabetes, and those with fatty liver exhibited significantly higher HbA1c levels.
- In non-diabetic individuals, HbA1c increased with weight gain.
- Identified risk factors: age, male gender, fatty liver, waist circumference, SBP, TG, BUN, FT4, RBC. Protective factors: HDL-C, UA, Cr, FT3, hemoglobin.
Conclusions:
- HbA1c levels are influenced by blood glucose, age, weight, gender, fatty liver, blood lipids, and uric acid.
- HbA1c correlates with numerous metabolic indicators.
- HbA1c shows potential as an early detection marker for chronic diseases.
Objective:
To clarify the correlation among glycosylated hemoglobin (HbA1c), gender, age, fatty liver, and biochemical indicators through the analysis of big database, and to further investigate the risk factors affecting HbA1c, so as to lay a foundation for the study of HbA1c-related diseases and disease management.
Methods:
People who have been examined in Health Promotion Center from July 2018 to June 2019 were selected as the research objects. All data were analyzed using the Windows R software (version 3.5.1). Detailed medical history inquiry, laboratory examination, and B-ultrasound examination were carried out for the selected sample population. We determined the sample population according to the inclusion and exclusion criteria and, then, further grouped and analyzed the data. T-test or Mann-Whitney U test was used for continuous variable comparison, and chi-square test was used to compare categorical variables. Logistic regression analysis was used to analyze the risk factors of HbA1c.
Results:
A total of 23,933 subjects were included in this study. The HbA1c level of men was significantly higher than that of women, the HbA1c level of the group with diabetes was higher than that of the group with no diabetes, and the HbA1c level of the group with fatty liver was higher than that of the group with no fatty liver. In the group with no diabetes, the HbA1c level increased with weight gain. Age, gender (male), fatty liver, waist circumference, systolic blood pressure (SBP), triglyceride (TG), blood urea nitrogen (BUN), free thyroxine (FT4), and red blood cell (RBC) were the risk factors for elevated HbA1c level, while high-density lipoprotein cholesterol (HDL-C), uric acid (UA), creatinine (Cr), free triiodothyronine (FT3), and hemoglobin were protective factors.
Conclusion:
Blood glucose, age, weight, gender, fatty liver, blood lipids, and UA are related to the increase of HbA1c level. HbA1c is related to many metabolic indexes and may be used as a marker for early detection of chronic diseases.
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