Related Experiment Video
Updated: Nov 8, 2025

Atomic Layer Deposition of Vanadium Dioxide and a Temperature-dependent Optical Model
Published on: May 23, 2018
Investigation of vanadium(III) and vanadium(IV) compounds supported by the linear diaminebis(phenolate) ligands:
Zofia Janas1, Julia Jezierska1, Andrew Ozarowski2
1Faculty of Chemistry, University of Wrocław, 14, F. Joliot-Curie, 50-383 Wrocław, Poland. alina.bienko@chem.uni.wroc.pl.
Abstract:
A family of oxidovanadium(iv) compounds containing linear diaminebis(phenolate (salans) L1-5 ligands (L1 = [MeNCH2CH2NMe(CH2-4-CMe2CH2CMe3-C6H3O)2]2-; L2 = [MeNCH2CH2NMe(CH2-4-CH3-C6H3O)2]2-; L3 = [MeNCH2CH2NMe(CH2-4-Cl-C6H3O)2]2-; L4 = {MeNCH2CH2NMe[CH2-4,6-(CH3)2-C6H2O]2}2-; and L5 = {MeNCH2CH2NMe[CH2-4,6-(Br)2-C6H2O]2}2-) and non-oxidovanadium(iii) with L2,4 and acac ligands has been prepared and characterized by chemical and physical techniques. Reactions of [VO(acac)2] with ligand precursors H2L2,4 in toluene or hexane afforded vanadium(iii) compounds [V(L-κ4ONNO)(acac)] (1, L2; 2, L4), while the use of acetonitrile or ethanol led to the formation of dimeric oxidovanadium(iv) [(VO)2(μ-L-κ4ONNO)2] (3, L1; 4, L2; 5, L3) and monomeric [VO(L-κ4ONNO)] (6, L4, 7, L5) compounds. As shown by X-ray crystallography, compounds 1 and 2 are monomeric, in which the chelating ligands afford octahedral cis-α geometry at the vanadium center. In the dimeric structures of 3-5, the six-coordinate vanadium centers are bridged via two oxygen atoms of the L1-3 ligands while the L4,5 ligands generate square pyramidal structures of the monomeric 6 and 7 compounds. HFEPR studies allowed the determination of the spin Hamiltonian parameters of the S = 1 spin state of the monomeric V(iii) and dimeric V(iv), and S = ½ in monomeric V(iv) compounds. Magnetic measurements of 3-5 indicated weak ferromagnetic metal-metal exchange interactions. A reaction course for the deoxygenation and reduction of vanadyl-salan compounds is proposed.
Related Concept Videos
Valence Bond Theory
Colors and Magnetism
When atoms or molecules absorb light at the proper frequency, their electrons are excited to higher-energy orbitals. For many main group atoms and molecules, the absorbed photons are in the ultraviolet range of the electromagnetic spectrum, which cannot be detected by the human eye. For coordination compounds, the energy difference between the d orbitals often allows photons in the visible range to be absorbed and emitted, which is seen as colors by the human...
Complexometric Titration: Ligands
Structural Isomerism
Isomers are different chemical species that have the same chemical formula. Structural isomerism of coordination compounds can be divided into two subcategories, the linkage isomers and coordination-sphere isomers.
Linkage isomers occur when the coordination compound contains a ligand that can bind to the transition metal center through two different atoms. For example, the CN− ligand can bind through the carbon atom or through the nitrogen atom. Similarly, SCN− can...
Metal-Ligand Bonds
In these complexes, transition metals form coordinate covalent bonds, a kind of Lewis acid-base interaction in which both of the electrons in the bond are contributed by a donor (Lewis base) to an electron acceptor (Lewis acid). The Lewis acid in...
Crystal Field Theory - Octahedral Complexes
To explain the observed behavior of transition metal complexes (such as colors), a model involving electrostatic interactions between the electrons from the ligands and the electrons in the unhybridized d orbitals of the central metal atom has been developed. This electrostatic model is crystal field theory (CFT). It helps to understand, interpret, and predict the colors, magnetic behavior, and some structures of coordination compounds of transition metals.
CFT focuses on...

