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Multistimuli-Responsive Lanthanide-Containing Smart Luminescent Hydrogel Actuator.

Bin Li1, Zhihua Song2, Kongyi Zhu3

  • 1National-Local Joint Engineering Laboratory for Energy Conservation in Chemical Process Integration and Resources Utilization, Tianjin Key Laboratory of Chemical Process Safety, School of Chemical Engineering and Technology, Hebei University of Technology, Guangrong Dao 8, Hongqiao District, Tianjin 300130, P. R. China.

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Summary

This study presents a novel luminescent hydrogel actuator that changes shape and luminescence in response to pH and heat. This multiresponsive material offers a new platform for soft robotics and sensors.

Keywords:
hydrogel actuatorlanthanideluminescence switchluminescent soft materialmultistimuli-responsive

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Area of Science:

  • Materials Science
  • Polymer Chemistry
  • Soft Robotics

Background:

  • Stimuli-responsive hydrogels are widely studied for actuator applications.
  • Developing multiresponsive hydrogels where stimuli do not interfere remains a challenge.
  • Luminescent hydrogels offer potential for integrated sensing and actuation.

Purpose of the Study:

  • To develop a smart luminescent bilayer hydrogel actuator with independent shape memory and reversible luminescence switching.
  • To investigate the co-stimulation effects of pH and heating on the hydrogel actuator's properties.
  • To demonstrate the potential applications in biomimetic soft robots, sensors, and camouflage.

Main Methods:

  • Fabrication of a bilayer hydrogel actuator using chitosan and lanthanide-doped materials.
  • Investigating shape memory effect under alkaline conditions via physical microcrystal formation.
  • Analyzing reversible luminescence switching by disrupting the "antenna effect" with pH changes.
  • Testing the multiresponsive cycle for repeatability and interference-free performance.

Main Results:

  • The bilayer hydrogel actuator exhibited shape memory and reversible luminescence switching under co-stimulation of pH and heating.
  • Alkaline conditions induced physical microcrystals in the chitosan layer, fixing the shape and enabling bright lanthanide luminescence.
  • Acid treatment recovered the original shape and quenched luminescence by disrupting the organic ligand-lanthanide ion "antenna effect".
  • The multiresponsive cycle was repeatable without mutual interference between stimuli.

Conclusions:

  • A novel multiresponsive luminescent hydrogel actuator with independent shape memory and luminescence control was successfully developed.
  • The material demonstrates significant potential for applications in advanced fields such as biomimetic soft robots, sensors, and camouflage.
  • This work provides a foundation for designing sophisticated smart materials with tailored multi-stimuli responsiveness.